Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague, Czech Republic.
Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
Environ Geochem Health. 2022 Mar;44(3):943-959. doi: 10.1007/s10653-021-01008-8. Epub 2021 Jun 15.
Long-term brown coal mining contributes to risk element contents in soils surrounding coal basins. However, there is a lack of bioaccessibility characterization of the risk elements in the soils at the impacted locations for estimation of the potential health risk, in relation to the effects of soil particle size and element origin. In this study, soils from different geological areas (geogenic vs. anthropogenic) were sampled around the Most brown coal basin, Czech Republic. These soils were passed through sieves to obtain seven aggregate size fractions. For an estimation of the oral bioaccessibility of As and Pb in the size fractions, the physiologically based extraction test was applied, whereas the potential pulmonary bioaccessibility of the elements was estimated by using both Gamble's and Hatch's tests. The results showed that the geochemical pattern of the investigated elements clearly separates the soil samples collected from the mountain region (mineralization from geogenic processes) from those of the basin region (extensive coal mining). For As, the results indicated that it poses higher risks in the anthropogenically affected basin region due to its higher gastro-intestinal and pulmonary bioaccessibility in soil samples in this area. A higher bioaccessibility of As in the soils was recorded in the finer grain size fractions, which are usually air-borne and can be easily ingested and/or inhaled, leading to potential health risks to humans and livestock. The opposite pattern, with a higher content on coarse particles, was recorded for Pb, indicating a potential risk of livestock in the non-forest mountainous areas.
长期开采褐煤会导致煤盆地周围土壤中的风险元素含量增加。然而，由于土壤粒径和元素来源的影响，对于受影响地区的风险元素生物可给性特征缺乏描述，从而难以评估其潜在健康风险。在这项研究中，我们在捷克共和国莫斯特褐煤盆地周围不同地质区域（地质成因与人为成因）采集了土壤样本。这些土壤通过筛子分成了七个不同粒径的级分。为了估算各粒径级分中砷和铅的经口生物可给性，我们应用了生理相关提取测试，同时使用 Gamble 测试和 Hatch 测试来估算这些元素的潜在肺部生物可给性。结果表明，研究元素的地球化学模式清楚地将来自山区（地质成因的矿化作用）的土壤样本与来自盆地地区（广泛的采煤活动）的土壤样本区分开来。对于砷，结果表明，由于该元素在该地区土壤样本中的肠胃道和肺部生物可给性较高，因此在人为影响的盆地地区存在更高的风险。在更细的粒径级分中记录到了更高的砷生物可给性，这些级分通常是空气传播的，容易被摄入和/或吸入，从而对人类和牲畜的健康构成潜在威胁。对于铅，则记录到了相反的模式，即粗颗粒中含量更高，表明在非森林山区可能对牲畜存在风险。
