Inbreeding effects on fertility and hatchability associated with the formation of sublines.

The deleterious effect of inbreeding on fertility and hatchability was studied in a population of Leghorns developed primarily for immunogenetics studies. The 1983 population averaged 42% inbreeding and traced back to only two sires and five dams of the 1965 base population. Up to 1975 (Period 1), the population was maintained as a single-unit closed flock, during which time inbreeding increased an average of 1.44% per year. After 1975 (Period 2), the population was split into five sublines. Inbreeding then increased at the average rate of 2.7% per year. The regression of fertility on inbreeding was -.31 +/- .04 in Period 1 and -.17 +/- .06 in Period 2. Corresponding values for hatchability of fertile eggs were +.08 +/- .05 in Period 1 and -.24 +/- .07 in Period 2. The regression of hatchability of total eggs set was -.15 +/- .04 in Period 1 and -.35 +/- .10 in Period 2. The evidence implies that both fertility and hatchability have a heritable basis. As expected, the deleterious effects of inbreeding on reproduction was more severe in Period 2, with sublining.