Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, 16424, West Java, Indonesia.
Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2022;23(4):486-494. doi: 10.2174/1389201022666210615125004.
Kojic acid is an organic acid that is commonly used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. This acid compound is a secondary metabolite produced by various microorganisms, one of which is Aspergillus oryzae. Typically, improving the strain can enhance kojic acid production. A mutation is one of the tools to perform strain improvement because the change in kojic acidproducing genes effectively increases kojic acid yield. A random mutagenesis is a classic approach for inducing and producing mutants with random mutations. The mutagenesis can be generated by the individual physical and chemical mutagen, combined physical and chemical mutagens, or initiate by protoplast preparation. Aspergillus strains that are exposed to physical mutagens (e.g., UV) or chemical mutagens (e.g., N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (NTG)) showed their abilities in increasing kojic acid production. Several new mutation methods, such as Ion Beam Implantation and Atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP), also showed good responses in enhancing the production of biological products such as kojic acid. This review compared different random mutagenesis methods of Aspergillus strain with various mutagen types to provide better insight for researchers in choosing the most suitable method to increase kojic acid production.
曲酸是一种常用于制药和化妆品行业的有机酸。这种酸化合物是由各种微生物产生的次级代谢产物，其中之一是米曲霉。通常，通过改良菌株可以提高曲酸的产量。突变是进行菌株改良的工具之一，因为产生曲酸的基因的变化可以有效地提高曲酸的产量。随机诱变是诱导和产生具有随机突变的突变体的经典方法。诱变可以通过单个物理和化学诱变剂、物理和化学诱变剂的组合或原生质体制备来产生。暴露于物理诱变剂（例如 UV）或化学诱变剂（例如 N-甲基-N-硝基-N-亚硝基胍（NTG））的曲霉菌株表现出提高曲酸产量的能力。几种新的突变方法，如离子束注入和大气压室温等离子体（ARTP），也在提高曲酸等生物产物的产量方面表现出良好的反应。本综述比较了曲霉菌株的不同随机诱变方法和各种诱变类型，为研究人员选择最适合提高曲酸产量的方法提供了更好的见解。
