Witika Bwalya A, Mweetwa Larry L, Tshiamo Kabo O, Edler Karen, Matafwali Scott K, Ntemi Pascal V, Chikukwa Melissa T R, Makoni Pedzisai A
Division of Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, DDT College of Medicine, Gaborone, Botswana.
Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
J Pharm Pharmacol. 2021 Oct 7;73(11):1427-1441. doi: 10.1093/jpp/rgab082.
Vesicular drug delivery has become a useful approach for therapeutic administration of pharmaceutical compounds. Lipid vesicles have found application in membrane biology, immunology, genetic engineering and theragnostics. This review summarizes topical delivery, specifically dermal/transdermal, ocular and transungual, via these vesicles, including future formulation perspectives.
Liposomes and their subsequent derivatives, viz. niosomes, transferosomes, pharmacososmes and ethosomes, form a significant part of vesicular systems that have been successfully utilized in treating an array of topical disorders. These vesicles are thought to be a safe and effective mode of improving the delivery of lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs.
Several drug molecules are available for topical disorders. However, physicochemical properties and undesirable toxicity have limited their efficacy. Vesicular delivery systems have the potential to overcome these shortcomings due to properties such as high biocompatibility, simplicity of surface modification and suitability as controlled delivery vehicles. However, incorporating these systems into environmentally responsive dispersants such as hydrogels, ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents may further enhance therapeutic prowess of these delivery systems. Consequently, improved vesicular drug delivery can be achieved by considering combining some of these formulation approaches.
囊泡给药已成为药物化合物治疗给药的一种有用方法。脂质囊泡已在膜生物学、免疫学、基因工程和治疗诊断学中得到应用。本综述总结了通过这些囊泡进行的局部给药，特别是皮肤/透皮、眼部和经指甲给药，包括未来的制剂前景。
脂质体及其后续衍生物，即非离子表面活性剂囊泡、传递体、药质体和醇质体，构成了囊泡系统的重要组成部分，已成功用于治疗一系列局部疾病。这些囊泡被认为是改善亲脂性和亲水性药物递送的一种安全有效的方式。
有几种药物分子可用于治疗局部疾病。然而，其物理化学性质和不良毒性限制了它们的疗效。囊泡递送系统由于具有高生物相容性、表面修饰简单以及适合作为控释载体等特性，有潜力克服这些缺点。然而，将这些系统纳入环境响应性分散剂，如水凝胶、离子液体和低共熔溶剂中，可能会进一步提高这些递送系统的治疗能力。因此，通过考虑结合其中一些制剂方法，可以实现改进的囊泡给药。
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