Meier Anna Cäcilia, Papadopulos Nikolaos
Bundeswehrzentralkrankenhaus Koblenz VII MKG.
Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Plastische Chirurgie und Handchirurgie.
Handchir Mikrochir Plast Chir. 2021 Dec;53(6):556-563. doi: 10.1055/a-1487-6415. Epub 2021 Jun 16.
As has been proven by numerous studies, people with gender identity disorders have a reduced quality of life. Considerable psychological strain leads to depressive and anxiety disorders and increased suicidal tendencies compared with the normal population. In addition, social limitations reduce the quality of life. More and more transsexual people use the possibility of undergoing gender reassignment surgery. However, this surgery means a radical change in a patient's life. This work aims to analyse whether surgical interventions help to improve the quality of and satisfaction with life of transmen and transwomen in a long-lasting way.
A systematic literature search was conducted using the PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases. Our analysis only included original retrospective or prospective studies concerning the quality of life after gender reassignment surgery.
Twenty-seven studies were included. Quality of life was analysed retrospectively in 20 studies and prospectively in 7 studies. Four publications studied only transmen, 11 studied only transwomen, and 12 studied both. The totality of all studies examined 1849 transwomen and 869 transmen. Changes in quality of life were measured by different validated questionnaires. A significant improvement in quality of life was shown in the subareas mental, physical and social health. It was proven that patients were more satisfied with their own bodies and genders and had a higher quality of life in general.Even after gender reassignment surgery, the rates of mental disorders and mortality remained increased. Compared with the normal population, the quality of life of transsexual people was reduced.
Numerous studies have proven that gender reassignment surgery helps to reduce the level of suffering in transmen and transwomen. Satisfaction with life, mental and physical health as well as social life improve after surgical treatment combined with endocrinologic and psychological treatment. However, compared with the normal population, the quality of life of transsexual people lags behind.
大量研究已证实，患有性别认同障碍的人群生活质量较低。与正常人群相比，相当大的心理压力会导致抑郁和焦虑障碍，并增加自杀倾向。此外，社会限制也会降低生活质量。越来越多的变性人选择接受性别重置手术。然而，这种手术意味着患者生活的彻底改变。本研究旨在分析手术干预是否有助于长期改善男变女及女变男变性者的生活质量和生活满意度。
使用PubMed、Embase和Cochrane图书馆数据库进行系统的文献检索。我们的分析仅纳入了关于性别重置手术后生活质量的原始回顾性或前瞻性研究。
共纳入27项研究。20项研究对生活质量进行了回顾性分析，7项进行了前瞻性分析。4篇文献仅研究了男变女变性者，11篇仅研究了女变男变性者，12篇同时研究了两者。所有研究共涉及1849名女变男变性者和869名男变女变性者。生活质量的变化通过不同的有效问卷进行测量。结果显示，在心理、身体和社会健康等方面，生活质量有显著改善。已证实患者对自己的身体和性别更加满意，总体生活质量更高。即便在性别重置手术后，精神障碍和死亡率仍然较高。与正常人群相比，变性者的生活质量较低。
大量研究已证实，性别重置手术有助于减轻男变女及女变男变性者的痛苦程度。手术治疗联合内分泌及心理治疗后，生活满意度、身心健康及社会生活均有所改善。然而，与正常人群相比，变性者的生活质量仍较低。
