Seyfried Thomas N, Shivane Aditya G, Kalamian Miriam, Maroon Joseph C, Mukherjee Purna, Zuccoli Giulio
Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States.
Department of Cellular and Anatomical Pathology, University Hospital Plymouth National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Plymouth, United Kingdom.
Front Nutr. 2021 May 31;8:682243. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.682243. eCollection 2021.
Successful treatment of glioblastoma (GBM) remains futile despite decades of intense research. GBM is similar to most other malignant cancers in requiring glucose and glutamine for growth, regardless of histological or genetic heterogeneity. Ketogenic metabolic therapy (KMT) is a non-toxic nutritional intervention for cancer management. We report the case of a 32-year-old man who presented in 2014 with seizures and a right frontal lobe tumor on MRI. The tumor cells were immunoreactive with antibodies to the (R132H) mutation, P53 (patchy), MIB-1 index (4-6%), and absent ATRX protein expression. DNA analysis showed no evidence of methylation of the MGMT gene promoter. The presence of prominent microvascular proliferation and areas of necrosis were consistent with an -mutant glioblastoma (WHO Grade 4). The patient refused standard of care (SOC) and steroid medication after initial diagnosis, but was knowledgeable and self-motivated enough to consume a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet consisting mostly of saturated fats, minimal vegetables, and a variety of meats. The patient used the glucose ketone index calculator to maintain his Glucose Ketone Index (GKI) near 2.0 without body weight loss. The tumor continued to grow slowly without expected vasogenic edema until 2017, when the patient opted for surgical debulking. The enhancing area, centered in the inferior frontal gyrus, was surgically excised. The pathology specimen confirmed mutant GBM. Following surgery, the patient continued with a self-administered ketogenic diet to maintain low GKI values, indicative of therapeutic ketosis. At the time of this report (May 2021), the patient remains alive with a good quality of life, except for occasional seizures. MRI continues to show slow interval progression of the tumor. This is the first report of confirmed -mutant GBM treated with KMT and surgical debulking without chemo- or radiotherapy. The long-term survival of this patient, now at 80 months, could be due in part to a therapeutic metabolic synergy between KMT and the mutation that simultaneously target the glycolysis and glutaminolysis pathways that are essential for GBM growth. Further studies are needed to determine if this non-toxic therapeutic strategy could be effective in providing long-term management for other GBM patients with or without mutations.
尽管经过数十年的深入研究,胶质母细胞瘤(GBM)的成功治疗仍然毫无成效。GBM与大多数其他恶性肿瘤相似,无论组织学或基因异质性如何,其生长都需要葡萄糖和谷氨酰胺。生酮代谢疗法(KMT)是一种用于癌症治疗的无毒营养干预措施。我们报告了一例32岁男性病例,该患者于2014年因癫痫发作就诊,MRI显示右额叶有肿瘤。肿瘤细胞对 (R132H) 突变抗体、P53(散在)、MIB-1指数(4-6%)呈免疫反应,且无ATRX蛋白表达。DNA分析显示MGMT基因启动子无甲基化证据。显著的微血管增殖和坏死区域的存在与 -突变型胶质母细胞瘤(世界卫生组织4级)一致。患者在初步诊断后拒绝了标准治疗(SOC)和类固醇药物,但知识渊博且有自我驱动力,坚持食用主要由饱和脂肪、少量蔬菜和各种肉类组成的低碳水化合物生酮饮食。患者使用葡萄糖酮指数计算器将其葡萄糖酮指数(GKI)维持在2.0左右,且体重未减轻。肿瘤继续缓慢生长,未出现预期的血管源性水肿,直到2017年,患者选择手术切除肿瘤。以额下回为中心的强化区域被手术切除。病理标本证实为突变型GBM。手术后,患者继续自行食用生酮饮食以维持低GKI值,表明处于治疗性酮症状态。在本报告发布时(2021年5月),患者除偶尔癫痫发作外,仍存活且生活质量良好。MRI继续显示肿瘤有缓慢的间期进展。这是首例经KMT和手术切除治疗且未进行化疗或放疗的确诊 -突变型GBM报告。该患者目前已存活80个月,其长期存活可能部分归因于KMT与该突变之间的治疗性代谢协同作用,它们同时靶向GBM生长所必需的糖酵解和谷氨酰胺分解途径。需要进一步研究以确定这种无毒治疗策略是否能有效为其他有或无 突变的GBM患者提供长期治疗。
Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2016-10
Front Oncol. 2022-8-17
J Bioenerg Biomembr. 2025-4-8
iScience. 2020-11-2
Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2020-8