Department of Plastic Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, 70712Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery, 70712Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2022 Jun;59(6):715-723. doi: 10.1177/10556656211025196. Epub 2021 Jun 17.
To investigate the influence of gender, dispositional optimism, and coping strategies on appearance-related distress among individuals with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP).
Cross-sectional design with self-report questionnaires analyzed primarily with Spearman correlations () and multivariate regression analyses.
A tertiary cleft center in Sweden.
Eighty individuals with UCLP born 1966 to 1986. The mean age for men (n = 50) and women (n = 30) was 38.8 and 37.4 years, respectively.
The Derriford Appearance Scale 24 measured appearance-related distress, the Life Orientation Test-Revised, short version measured dispositional optimism and pessimism, and the Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced, short version included 14 coping strategies.
Women had higher appearance-related distress than men, which was significantly ( < .05) related to self-blame ( = 0.59), pessimism ( = 0.59), and low optimism ( = -0.56). Men's appearance-related distress was significantly associated with low active coping ( = 0.35), low use of emotional support ( = 0.29), denial ( = 0.39), behavioral disengagement ( = 0.41), and pessimism ( = 0.28). The only significant gender interaction reflected greater impact of optimism in reducing appearance-related distress for women (β = -0.06).
This study showed that high levels of dispositional optimism decrease appearance-related distress, particularly for women. The coping strategies used differed between men and women, and the results suggest that both gender and psychosocial facto need to be considered in regard to appearance-related distress among individuals with UCLP in both clinical and research settings. A possible way to decrease distress is to strengthen positive coping strategies and dispositional optimism.
探讨性别、倾向性乐观和应对策略对单侧唇裂腭裂（UCLP）患者容貌相关困扰的影响。
采用横断面设计，主要采用 Spearman 相关分析（）和多元回归分析对自我报告问卷进行分析。
瑞典一家三级腭裂中心。
1966 年至 1986 年出生的 80 名 UCLP 患者。男性（n=50）和女性（n=30）的平均年龄分别为 38.8 岁和 37.4 岁。
德雷福斯容貌量表 24 评估容貌相关困扰，生活取向测验修订版短版评估倾向性乐观和悲观，经历问题应对取向短版包括 14 种应对策略。
女性的容貌相关困扰显著高于男性（<0.05），与自责（=0.59）、悲观（=0.59）和低乐观（=-0.56）显著相关。男性的容貌相关困扰与低积极应对（=0.35）、低使用情感支持（=0.29）、否认（=0.39）、行为脱离（=0.41）和悲观（=0.28）显著相关。唯一显著的性别交互作用反映了乐观对女性容貌相关困扰的降低作用更大（β=-0.06）。
本研究表明，高倾向性乐观可降低容貌相关困扰，特别是对女性而言。男女使用的应对策略不同，结果表明在临床和研究环境中，都需要考虑性别和心理社会因素对 UCLP 患者容貌相关困扰的影响。减少困扰的一种可能方法是加强积极的应对策略和倾向性乐观。
