Faculty of Medicine FMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Center of Acupuncture, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2021 Jun 17;16(6):e0252609. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252609. eCollection 2021.
Teaching based on virtual reality simulators in medicine has expanded in recent years due to the limitations of more traditional methods, especially for surgical procedures such as laparoscopy.
To analyze the effects of using virtual reality simulations on the development of laparoscopic skills in medical students and physicians.
The literature screening was done in April 2020 through Medline (PubMed), EMBASE and Database of the National Institute of Health.
Randomized clinical trials that subjected medical students and physicians to training in laparoscopic skills in virtual reality simulators.
Paired reviewers independently identified 1529 articles and included 7 trials that met the eligibility criteria.
In all studies, participants that trained in virtual simulators showed improvements in laparoscopic skills, although the articles that also had a physical model training group did not show better performance of one model compared to the other.
No article beyond 2015 met the eligibility criteria, and the analyzed simulators have different versions and models, which might impact the results.
Virtual reality simulators are useful educational tools, but do not show proven significant advantages over traditional models. The lack of standardization and a scarcity of articles makes comparative analysis between simulators difficult, requiring more research in the area, according to the model suggested in this review.
Registered by the Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), identification code CRD42020176479.
由于传统方法的局限性，近年来医学领域基于虚拟现实模拟器的教学得到了扩展，尤其是对于腹腔镜等手术操作。
分析使用虚拟现实模拟对医学生和医生腹腔镜技能发展的影响。
2020 年 4 月，通过 Medline（PubMed）、EMBASE 和美国国立卫生研究院数据库进行文献筛选。
将医学生和医生置于虚拟现实模拟器中进行腹腔镜技能培训的随机临床试验。
配对的评论员独立识别出 1529 篇文章，并纳入了 7 项符合入选标准的试验。
在所有研究中，接受虚拟现实模拟器培训的参与者的腹腔镜技能都有所提高，尽管有一些文章还包括了实体模型培训组，但并没有显示出一种模型比另一种模型的表现更好。
没有一篇文章发表于 2015 年以后，且分析的模拟器具有不同的版本和型号，这可能会影响结果。
虚拟现实模拟器是有用的教育工具，但与传统模型相比，并没有显示出明显的优势。缺乏标准化和文章稀少使得模拟器之间的比较分析变得困难，需要根据本综述中提出的模型进行更多的研究。
在系统评价前瞻性登记库（PROSPERO）注册，注册号 CRD42020176479。
