培训住院医师进行微创手术：确认能力还是寄望于最好的结果？
Training residents in minimally invasive surgery; confirming competence or hoping for the best?
机构信息
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA.
出版信息
Vet Surg. 2022 Jul;51 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):O5-O11. doi: 10.1111/vsu.13850.
BACKGROUND
Veterinary minimally invasive surgery (MIS) is rapidly developing, and most surgeons are performing MIS in their clinical practice. The technical skills of presented surgical techniques are increasingly complex. Required training of American College of Veterinary Surgeons (ACVS) surgical residents in soft tissue MIS (laparoscopy/thoracoscopy) are limited to traditional apprentice training. Unfortunately, such training has been found insufficient to create competent MIS surgeons.
AIM OF THE REVIEW
This review discusses development of MIS training for Doctor of Medicine (M.D.) residents in context of veterinary applicability and investigates comparative evidence for how to best train veterinary residents in soft tissue MIS.
CONCLUSIONS
A structured curriculum, with validated tasks and clear training goals have been found imperative for training success. Such a curriculum includes both didactic sessions and manual skills training, with video tutorials and reading material to inform and motivate the residents.
IMPLICATIONS OF KEY FINDINGS
ACVS residents and diplomates may benefit if a MIS curriculum was developed and made available to all training programs.
背景
兽医微创手术（MIS）正在迅速发展，大多数外科医生在临床实践中都在进行 MIS。所呈现的手术技术的技术技能越来越复杂。美国兽医外科学院（ACVS）外科住院医师在软组织 MIS（腹腔镜/胸腔镜）方面的培训仅限于传统的学徒培训。不幸的是，这种培训被发现不足以培养出合格的 MIS 外科医生。
本次审查的目的
讨论医学博士（M.D.）住院医师 MIS 培训的发展情况，以及兽医应用的情况，并研究如何最好地培训兽医住院医师进行软组织 MIS 的比较证据。
结论
已发现，结构化课程、经过验证的任务和明确的培训目标对于培训成功至关重要。这样的课程包括理论课程和手动技能培训，以及视频教程和阅读材料，以告知和激励住院医师。
关键发现的影响
如果制定了 MIS 课程并提供给所有培训计划，那么 ACVS 住院医师和专科医师可能会受益。
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