School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khomeinishahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr, Iran.
J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2021 Sep;121:104643. doi: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104643. Epub 2021 Jun 11.
One of the methods of repairing the damaged bone is the fabrication of porous scaffold using synergic methods like three-dimensional (3D) printing and freeze-drying technology. These techniques improve the damaged and fracture parts rapidly for better healing bone lesions using bioactive ceramic and polymer. This research, due to the need to increase the mechanical strength of 3D bone scaffolds for better mechanical performance. Akermanite bioceramic as a bioactive and calcium silicate bioceramic has been used besides the polymeric component. In this study, the porous scaffolds were designed using solid work with an appropriate porosity with a Gyroid shape. The prepared Gyroid scaffold was printed using a 3D printing machine with Electroconductive Polylactic Acid (EC-PLA) and then coated with a polymeric solution containing various amounts of akermanite bioceramic as reinforcement. The mechanical and biological properties were investigated according to the standard test. The mechanical properties of the porous-coated scaffold showed stress tolerance up to 30 MPa. The maximum strain obtained was 0.0008, the maximum stress was 32 MPa and the maximum displacement was 0.006 mm. Another problem of bone implants is the impossibility of controlling bone cancer and tumor size. To solve this problem, an electroconductive filament containing Magnetic Nanoparticles (MNPs) is used to release heat and control cancer cells. The mechanical feature of the porous scaffold containing 10 wt% akermanite was obtained as the highest stress tolerance of about 32 MPa with 46% porosity. Regarding the components and prepare the bony scaffold, the MNPs release heat when insert into the magnetic field and control the tumor size which helps the treatment of cancer. In general, it can be concluded that the produced porous scaffold using 3D printing and freeze-drying technology can be used to replace broken bones with the 3D printed EC-PLA coated with 10 wt% akermanite bioceramic with sufficient mechanical and biological behavior for the orthopedic application.
修复受损骨骼的方法之一是使用协同方法制造多孔支架，例如三维（3D）打印和冷冻干燥技术。这些技术可使用生物活性陶瓷和聚合物快速改善受损和骨折部位，从而更好地治愈骨损伤。由于需要提高 3D 骨支架的机械强度以获得更好的机械性能，因此进行了这项研究。除了聚合物成分外，还使用了钙硅酸盐生物陶瓷 akermanite。在这项研究中，使用适当的孔隙率和 Gyroid 形状通过 SolidWorks 设计了多孔支架。使用带有 Electroconductive Polylactic Acid（EC-PLA）的 3D 打印机打印了准备好的 Gyroid 支架，然后用含有不同量 akermanite 生物陶瓷的聚合物溶液对其进行了涂层，作为增强材料。根据标准测试研究了机械和生物性能。多孔涂层支架的机械性能显示出高达 30 MPa 的耐应力能力。获得的最大应变为 0.0008，最大应力为 32 MPa，最大位移为 0.006 mm。另一个骨植入物的问题是无法控制骨癌和肿瘤的大小。为了解决这个问题，使用含有磁性纳米颗粒（MNPs）的导电长丝释放热量并控制癌细胞。含有 10 wt％akermanite 的多孔支架的机械性能为最高耐应力约为 32 MPa，孔隙率为 46％。关于组件和准备骨支架，当将 MNPs 插入磁场中时会释放热量并控制肿瘤大小，这有助于癌症的治疗。总体而言，可以得出结论，使用 3D 打印和冷冻干燥技术生产的多孔支架可以用于替代断裂的骨骼，使用 3D 打印的 EC-PLA 涂层，其机械和生物性能足以满足矫形应用的要求，涂层含有 10 wt％akermanite 生物陶瓷。
