College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-Viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China.
J Sci Food Agric. 2022 Jan 15;102(1):383-395. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.11368. Epub 2021 Jul 5.
The influence of foliar nitrogen fertilizer during veraison (FNFV) on anthocyanin accumulation and chromatic characteristics of 'Cabernet Sauvignon' grapes over two seasons was investigated.
Urea and phenylalanine fertilizers (TU and TP, respectively) and a control were sprayed three times at veraison. In 2018, TU displayed a significant enhancement in total individual anthocyanin content and a* and C * profiles. In 2019, FNAV significantly improved the content of total non-acylated, acylated anthocyanin and total individual anthocyanin, and the profiles of L*, a* and C , except a in TU. The whole process from phenylalanine variation to anthocyanin accumulation in grape skins was analyzed. On the whole, after the first FNFV to harvest, the increase in phenylalanine metabolism, abscisic acid content, effects of PAL (Phenylalanine ammonia lyase), UFGT (UDP glucose-flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase) and transcript concentrations of VvPAL and VvUFGT involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis were also strong evidence explaining the increased anthocyanin and chromatic profiles in 2019.
Overall, FNFV for nitrogen-deficient grapevines could significantly improve grape color, especially in the 2019 veraison with a proper climate. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
本研究调查了两个季节转色期叶面施氮（FNFV）对‘赤霞珠’葡萄花色苷积累和颜色特征的影响。
在转色期分别喷施尿素和苯丙氨酸肥（TU 和 TP）和对照。2018 年 TU 处理显著提高了总单体花色苷含量和 a和 C值。2019 年 FNAV 处理显著提高了总酰化和非酰化花色苷、总单体花色苷含量以及 L*、a和 C值，除 TU 处理的 a*值外。分析了从苯丙氨酸变化到葡萄皮花色苷积累的整个过程。总的来说，第一次 FNFV 后到收获，苯丙氨酸代谢、脱落酸含量、PAL（苯丙氨酸解氨酶）、UFGT（UDP 葡萄糖-黄酮 3-O-葡萄糖基转移酶）和花色苷生物合成相关的 VvPAL 和 VvUFGT 转录浓度的增加也有力地解释了 2019 年花色苷和颜色特征的增加。
总的来说，对于缺氮的葡萄树进行 FNFV 可以显著提高葡萄的颜色，特别是在 2019 年气候适宜的转色期。© 2021 英国化学学会。
