Batista Napotnik Tina, Polajžer Tamara, Miklavčič Damijan
University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Tržaška cesta 25, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Tržaška cesta 25, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Bioelectrochemistry. 2021 Oct;141:107871. doi: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.107871. Epub 2021 Jun 6.
Exposure of cells to high voltage electric pulses increases transiently membrane permeability through membrane electroporation. Electroporation can be reversible and is used in gene transfer and enhanced drug delivery but can also lead to cell death. Electroporation resulting in cell death (termed as irreversible electroporation) has been successfully used as a new non-thermal ablation method of soft tissue such as tumours or arrhythmogenic heart tissue. Even though the mechanisms of cell death can influence the outcome of electroporation-based treatments due to use of different electric pulse parameters and conditions, these are not elucidated yet. We review the mechanisms of cell death after electroporation reported in literature, cell injuries that may lead to cell death after electroporation and membrane repair mechanisms involved. The knowledge of membrane repair and cell death mechanisms after cell exposure to electric pulses, targets of electric field in cells need to be identified to optimize existing and develop of new electroporation-based techniques used in medicine, biotechnology, and food technology.
细胞暴露于高压电脉冲会通过细胞膜电穿孔瞬时增加膜通透性。电穿孔可以是可逆的，用于基因转移和增强药物递送，但也可能导致细胞死亡。导致细胞死亡的电穿孔（称为不可逆电穿孔）已成功用作一种新的软组织非热消融方法，如肿瘤或致心律失常心脏组织。尽管由于使用不同的电脉冲参数和条件，细胞死亡机制会影响基于电穿孔的治疗结果，但这些机制尚未阐明。我们综述了文献中报道的电穿孔后细胞死亡的机制、电穿孔后可能导致细胞死亡的细胞损伤以及涉及的膜修复机制。了解细胞暴露于电脉冲后的膜修复和细胞死亡机制、细胞内电场的靶点，对于优化现有基于电穿孔的技术以及开发医学、生物技术和食品技术中使用的新电穿孔技术至关重要。
