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紧张的青少年精英运动员成为精英运动员经历中的叙事张力

Narrative Tensions in Strained Junior Elite Performers' Experiences of Becoming Elite Performers.

作者信息

Haraldsen Heidi M, Abrahamsen Frank E, Solstad Bård Erlend, Halvari Hallgeir

机构信息

Norwegian Research Center for Children and Youth Sports, Oslo, Norway.

Department of Dance, Oslo National Academy of the Arts, Oslo, Norway.

出版信息

Front Psychol. 2021 Jun 3;12:645098. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.645098. eCollection 2021.

Abstract

Contextualized within narrative theory and the field of talent identification and development systems (TIDS), this interview study examined strained junior elite performers' experiences of becoming elite performers while participating in prestigious national TIDS. The study explored how junior elite performers perceive and negotiate their personal narratives of becoming within a cultural master narrative of being. The focus is on how the quality of person-environment interaction, characterized by narrative alignment or tensions, relates to perceptions of identity, agency, and physical and mental health. We purposefully recruited eight participants (age = 17.31, = 0.9) from a previously published study, who reported experiencing suboptimal psychological functioning compared with their peers to explore narrative tensions in their storylines. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and examined, using narrative analysis. We identified "the performance narrative" as the dominating cultural narrative within the TIDS and three distinct personal narratives of negotiation with unique characteristics: obsessive and externally driven alignment - "striving to stay at the top of the game"; tensions - "just hanging in there"; and disruption from alignment - "when the going gets tough." The results indicated that tensions and lack of alignment between the dominating cultural narrative and the individual narrative seem to increase the risk of experiencing identity challenges, suboptimal functioning, and aspects of ill-being. The study offers critical reflections on the dominating performance narrative within TIDS and additionally suggests an alternative athlete-centered and more holistic approach that combines both personal and performance developments.

摘要

在叙事理论以及人才识别与发展系统(TIDS)领域的背景下,这项访谈研究考察了紧张的青少年精英运动员在参与著名的国家级TIDS时成为精英运动员的经历。该研究探讨了青少年精英运动员如何在存在的文化主叙事中感知和协商他们关于成为精英的个人叙事。重点在于以叙事契合或紧张为特征的人与环境互动质量如何与身份认同、能动性以及身心健康的认知相关联。我们从之前发表的一项研究中有目的地招募了八名参与者(年龄 = 17.31,标准差 = 0.9),他们报告称与同龄人相比心理功能处于次优状态,以探究他们故事情节中的叙事紧张关系。数据通过半结构化访谈收集,并使用叙事分析进行检验。我们将“表现叙事”确定为TIDS中占主导地位的文化叙事,以及三种具有独特特征的不同个人协商叙事:强迫性和外部驱动的契合——“努力保持在比赛巅峰”;紧张——“勉强坚持”;以及与契合的脱节——“当情况变得艰难时”。结果表明,主导文化叙事与个人叙事之间的紧张关系和缺乏契合似乎会增加经历身份挑战、功能次优和不良状态方面的风险。该研究对TIDS中占主导地位的表现叙事进行了批判性反思,并另外提出了一种以运动员为中心、更全面的替代方法,该方法将个人发展和表现发展结合起来。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/edb9/8209255/eaf558f608f4/fpsyg-12-645098-g001.jpg

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