Ghnimi Sami, Nikkhah Amin, Dewulf Jo, Van Haute Sam
Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, LAGEPP UMR 5007, 43 Bd 11 Novembre 1918, 69622, Villeurbanne, France.
ISARA Lyon, 23 rue Jean Baldissini, 69007, Lyon, France.
Sci Rep. 2021 Jun 22;11(1):13041. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-92211-1.
The energy balance and life cycle assessment (LCA) of ohmic heating and appertization systems for processing of chopped tomatoes with juice (CTwJ) were evaluated. The data included in the study, such as processing conditions, energy consumption, and water use, were experimentally collected. The functional unit was considered to be 1 kg of packaged CTwJ. Six LCA impact assessment methodologies were evaluated for uncertainty analysis of selection of the impact assessment methodology. The energy requirement evaluation showed the highest energy consumption for appertization (156 kWh/t of product). The energy saving of the ohmic heating line compared to the appertization line is 102 kWh/t of the product (or 65% energy saving). The energy efficiencies of the appertization and ohmic heating lines are 25% and 77%, respectively. Regarding the environmental impact, CTwJ processing and packaging by appertization were higher than those of ohmic heating systems. In other words, CTwJ production by the ohmic heating system was more environmentally efficient. The tin production phase was the environmental hotspot in packaged CTwJ production by the appertization system; however, the agricultural phase of production was the hotspot in ohmic heating processing. The uncertainty analysis results indicated that the global warming potential for appertization of 1 kg of packaged CTwJ ranges from 4.13 to 4.44 kg COeq. In addition, the global warming potential of the ohmic heating system ranges from 2.50 to 2.54 kg COeq. This study highlights that ohmic heating presents a great alternative to conventional sterilization methods due to its low environmental impact and high energy efficiency.
对用于加工带汁碎番茄（CTwJ）的欧姆加热和高温瞬时杀菌系统的能量平衡及生命周期评估（LCA）进行了评估。研究中包含的数据，如加工条件、能耗和用水量，均通过实验收集。功能单位设定为1千克包装好的CTwJ。评估了六种LCA影响评估方法，用于影响评估方法选择的不确定性分析。能量需求评估显示高温瞬时杀菌的能耗最高（156千瓦时/吨产品）。与高温瞬时杀菌生产线相比，欧姆加热生产线的节能为102千瓦时/吨产品（即节能65%）。高温瞬时杀菌生产线和欧姆加热生产线的能源效率分别为25%和77%。在环境影响方面，高温瞬时杀菌处理和包装CTwJ的环境影响高于欧姆加热系统。换句话说，欧姆加热系统生产CTwJ的环境效率更高。在高温瞬时杀菌系统生产包装CTwJ的过程中，锡生产阶段是环境热点；然而，在欧姆加热加工过程中，农业生产阶段是热点。不确定性分析结果表明，1千克包装CTwJ高温瞬时杀菌的全球变暖潜势范围为4.13至4.44千克二氧化碳当量。此外，欧姆加热系统的全球变暖潜势范围为2.50至2.54千克二氧化碳当量。本研究强调，由于其低环境影响和高能源效率，欧姆加热是传统杀菌方法的一个很好的替代方案。
