N-3-吡啶基甲基-N'-对硝基苯基脲对人和兔的眼毒性

Mindel J S, Kharlamb A B, Friedman A H, Karam J H, Stone R D, Siegel I M

Department of Ophthalmology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York.

Br J Ophthalmol. 1988 Aug;72(8):584-90. doi: 10.1136/bjo.72.8.584.

Ingestion of the rat poison N-3-pyridylmethyl-N'-p-nitrophenylurea (PNU) produced ocular toxicity in three humans and in an animal model, the Dutch Belted rabbit. The electroretinogram b wave was especially susceptible to the effects of the rodenticide, and the target tissue appeared to be the retinal pigment epithelium. Injection of PNU itself did not produce ocular toxicity. The poison had to be administered orally. Gentamicin administered orally with PNU prevented the ocular toxicity. Presumably this antibiotic killed those gastrointestinal bacteria responsible for PNU's metabolism into an ocular toxin. L-tryptophan, a known antidote for the lethal effects of PNU, was an antidote for the ocular toxicity when administered orally but not when administered parenterally.

摄入灭鼠剂N-3-吡啶基甲基-N'-对硝基苯基脲（PNU）在三名人类患者及一种动物模型——荷兰带兔中引发了眼部毒性。视网膜电图b波对这种灭鼠剂的影响尤为敏感，且靶组织似乎是视网膜色素上皮。注射PNU本身并不会产生眼部毒性。该毒药必须口服。与PNU一起口服庆大霉素可预防眼部毒性。据推测，这种抗生素杀死了那些负责将PNU代谢为眼部毒素的胃肠道细菌。L-色氨酸是一种已知的PNU致死效应解毒剂，口服时是眼部毒性的解毒剂，但肠胃外给药时则不是。