School of Psychology, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, England, PL4 8AA, UK.
School of Psychology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2021 Dec;28(6):1915-1922. doi: 10.3758/s13423-021-01964-3. Epub 2021 Jun 22.
A core prediction of models of social-cognitive functioning is that attention is preferentially tuned to self-relevant material. Surprisingly, however, evidence in support of this viewpoint is scant. Remedying this situation, here we demonstrated that self-relevance influences the distribution of attentional resources during decisional processing. In a flanker task (N = 60), participants reported if to-be-judged stimuli either denoted, or were owned by, the self or a friend. A consistent pattern of results emerged across both judgment tasks. Whereas the identification of friend-related targets was speeded when the items were flanked by compatible compared with incompatible flankers, responses to self-related targets were resistant to flanker interference. Probing the origin of these effects, a further computational analysis (i.e., Shrinking Spotlight Diffusion Model analysis) confirmed that self-relevance impacted the focusing of attention during decision-making. These findings highlight how self-relevance modulates attentional processing.
社会认知功能模型的一个核心预测是，注意力优先调整到与自我相关的材料。然而，令人惊讶的是，支持这一观点的证据很少。为了纠正这种情况，我们在这里证明，自我相关性会影响决策过程中注意力资源的分布。在一项侧抑制任务中（N=60），参与者报告说，被判断的刺激是否表示或者属于自己或者朋友。在这两个判断任务中，都出现了一致的结果模式。当物品被相容的侧抑制物包围时，与朋友相关的目标的识别速度加快，而与自我相关的目标的反应则不受侧抑制的干扰。通过进一步的计算分析（即收缩聚光灯扩散模型分析）来探究这些效应的起源，证实了自我相关性会影响决策过程中的注意力集中。这些发现强调了自我相关性如何调节注意力处理。
