Shapiro K L, Caldwell J, Sorensen R E
Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1997 Apr;23(2):504-14. doi: 10.1037//0096-1523.23.2.504.
Four experiments were carried out to investigate an early- versus late-selection explanation for the attentional blink (AB). In both Experiments 1 and 2, 3 groups of participants were required to identify a noun (Experiment 1) or a name (Experiment 2) target (experimental conditions) and then to identify the presence or absence of a 2nd target (probe), which was their own name, another name, or a specified noun from among a noun distractor stream (Experiment 1) or a name distractor stream (Experiment 2). The conclusions drawn are that individuals do not experience an AB for their own names but do for either other names or nouns. In Experiments 3 and 4, either the participant's own name or another name was presented, as the target and as the item that immediately followed the target, respectively. An AB effect was revealed in both experimental conditions. The results of these experiments are interpreted as support for a late-selection interference account of the AB.
进行了四项实验，以研究对注意瞬脱（AB）的早期选择与晚期选择解释。在实验1和实验2中，要求三组参与者识别一个名词（实验1）或一个名字（实验2）目标（实验条件），然后识别第二个目标（探测刺激）的有无，第二个目标是他们自己的名字、另一个名字或名词干扰流（实验1）或名字干扰流（实验2）中的一个指定名词。得出的结论是，个体对自己的名字不会经历注意瞬脱，但对其他名字或名词会经历注意瞬脱。在实验3和实验4中，分别呈现参与者自己的名字或另一个名字，作为目标以及紧跟在目标之后的项目。在两种实验条件下均揭示了注意瞬脱效应。这些实验的结果被解释为支持对注意瞬脱的晚期选择干扰解释。
