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J Sch Health. 2021 Aug;91(8):625-631. doi: 10.1111/josh.13057. Epub 2021 Jun 22.
Health behaviors of adolescents affect their health and well-being into adulthood. This study was conducted to determine the nutrition-exercise behaviors, health literacy level, and related factors in adolescents.
A cross-sectional design was used for this study. Overall, 810 students in grades 6-8 in a Turkish school completed the study. A personal information form, the Nutrition-Exercise Behaviors Scale, and the Health Literacy for School-Aged Children Scale were used for data collection.
According to the mean score of the Health Literacy Scale, 21% of the students had a low level of health literacy, 63.8% had a medium level, and 15.2% had a high level. A positive correlation was found between health literacy level and healthy nutrition-exercise behavior (r = 0.345, p < .001), and a positive correlation between health literacy level and meal pattern (r = 0.230, p < .001). A positive correlation (r = 0.385, p < .001) was found between meal pattern and healthy nutrition-exercise behavior. A moderate positive correlation (r = 0.510, p < .001) was found between unhealthy nutrition-exercise behavior and psychological/addicted eating behavior.
The present study revealed that nutrition-exercise behaviors and the health literacy of adolescents were at a moderate level and, there was a relationship between nutrition-exercise behaviors and health literacy levels in adolescents. Interventions should be planned and followed through with parents to help adolescents adopt healthy nutrition and exercise behaviors from an early age and to increase their health literacy level. In this context, it is recommended to implement training and intervention programs for adolescents and their families.
青少年的健康行为会影响他们成年后的健康和幸福。本研究旨在确定青少年的营养-运动行为、健康素养水平及其相关因素。
本研究采用横断面设计。土耳其一所学校的 6-8 年级 810 名学生完成了这项研究。使用个人信息表、营养-运动行为量表和儿童健康素养量表收集数据。
根据健康素养量表的平均得分，21%的学生健康素养水平较低，63.8%的学生健康素养水平中等，15.2%的学生健康素养水平较高。健康素养水平与健康的营养-运动行为呈正相关(r = 0.345，p < 0.001)，与膳食模式呈正相关(r = 0.230，p < 0.001)。膳食模式与健康的营养-运动行为呈正相关(r = 0.385，p < 0.001)。不健康的营养-运动行为与心理/成瘾性进食行为呈中度正相关(r = 0.510，p < 0.001)。
本研究表明，青少年的营养-运动行为和健康素养处于中等水平，青少年的营养-运动行为和健康素养水平之间存在一定的关系。应计划并通过家长对青少年进行干预，帮助青少年从小养成健康的营养和运动行为，提高健康素养水平。在这方面，建议为青少年及其家庭实施培训和干预计划。
