Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Austin, TX, USA.
Addiction. 2022 Jan;117(1):216-223. doi: 10.1111/add.15616. Epub 2021 Jul 5.
To examine the longitudinal trajectory of young Texan (US) adults' electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) use from 2014 to 2019, and to determine if there are changes in the trajectory among younger and older young adults post-2017, when vape pods surged in popularity in the United States.
Nine-wave longitudinal study, with 6 months between each of the first eight waves and 1 year between the last two waves. Discontinuous, or piecewise, growth curve models were used to test the hypotheses that (a) the overall current/past 30-day ENDS use trajectory would decline from 2014 to spring 2017 but then increase from fall 2017 to 2019, and (b) the increasing trajectory from 2017 to 2019 would occur only for younger participants, but not older participants. All models included socio-demographic covariates of sex, race/ethnicity, type of college attended at baseline (2- or 4-year) and time-varying age.
A total of 5218 students (aged 18-25 years at baseline; 63.7% female) from 24 colleges in the five counties surrounding Austin, Dallas/Fort Worth, Houston and San Antonio, Texas, USA.
Participants completed on-line surveys regarding past 30-day ENDS use at all nine waves.
Current ENDS use significantly declined from 2014 to spring 2017 [odds ratio (OR) = 0.63, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.59-0.68], and then significantly increased from autumn 2017 to 2019 (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.01-1.29). Further examination indicated the increase in current ENDS use from autumn 2017 to 2019 occurred only for younger [-1 standard deviation (SD) below the mean age, 22.6 years old], but not older (+1 SD above the mean age, 26.2 years old), participants.
The surge in the popularity of vape pods in the United States in late 2017 may have contributed to increasing use of electronic nicotine delivery systems among younger young adults (below 22.6 years) from late 2017 to 2019.
从 2014 年到 2019 年，研究德克萨斯州年轻成年人（美国）电子尼古丁输送系统（ENDS）使用的纵向轨迹，并确定 2017 年后，随着电子烟弹在美国的普及，年轻和年长的年轻人之间的轨迹是否发生了变化。
九波纵向研究，每两波之间间隔 6 个月，最后两波之间间隔 1 年。采用不连续或分段增长曲线模型来检验以下假设：（a）总体当前/过去 30 天 ENDS 使用轨迹将从 2014 年到 2017 年春季下降，但从 2017 年秋季到 2019 年春季上升；（b）从 2017 年到 2019 年的上升轨迹仅发生在年轻参与者身上，而不是年长参与者身上。所有模型都包括性别、种族/族裔、基线时就读的大学类型（2 年制或 4 年制）和随时间变化的年龄等社会人口统计学协变量。
来自美国德克萨斯州奥斯汀、达拉斯/沃思堡、休斯顿和圣安东尼奥五个县的 24 所学院的 5218 名年龄在 18-25 岁的学生（基线时年龄为 18-25 岁；63.7%为女性）。
参与者在所有九波调查中完成了过去 30 天内使用电子尼古丁输送系统的在线调查。
当前 ENDS 使用从 2014 年到 2017 年春季显著下降[比值比（OR）=0.63，95%置信区间（CI）=0.59-0.68]，然后从 2017 年秋季到 2019 年显著增加（OR=1.14，95%CI=1.01-1.29）。进一步的研究表明，从 2017 年秋季到 2019 年，当前 ENDS 使用的增加仅发生在年轻参与者（平均年龄以下 1 个标准差，22.6 岁），而不是年长参与者（平均年龄以上 1 个标准差，26.2 岁）。
2017 年末，电子烟弹在美国的普及可能导致 2017 年末至 2019 年间，年龄较小（低于 22.6 岁）的年轻成年人使用电子尼古丁输送系统的比例增加。
