Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, 2109 San Jacinto Blvd D3700, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
Addict Behav. 2024 Jan;148:107870. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107870. Epub 2023 Sep 26.
Little research has examined the new onset of cigarette and Electronic Nicotine Delivery System (ENDS) dependence symptoms among young adults. This study aims to 1) examine new onset cigarette and ENDS dependence symptoms over a 4.5-year period and 2) examine how depressive symptoms impact new onset dependence symptoms among young adults. Participants were drawn from 24 colleges in Texas who were participating in a multi-wave cohort study (2014-2019). The present study included 4536 participants aged 18-25 who did not report cigarette or ENDS dependence symptoms at wave 1 (64.1% female; 65.2% non-white; m age = 20.62 [SD = 1.80] at wave 1). Cox's regression models were employed to determine the hazard of new onset cigarette and ENDS dependence symptoms overall and the impact of depressive symptoms. Models controlled for sociodemographic factors and other tobacco product use. 14.4% of participants reported new onset cigarette dependence symptoms and 14.6% reported new onset ENDS dependence symptoms over the 4.5 years of the study. Depressive symptoms significantly predicted increased risk for new onset cigarette (HR = 1.30, CI = [1.21, 1.39]) and ENDS (HR = 1.20, CI = [1.12, 1.29]) dependence symptoms. Young adults exhibited dependence symptoms for cigarettes and ENDS products at similar rates across the 4.5 years of the study. Elevated depressive symptoms increased risk of new onset cigarette and ENDS dependence symptoms, advancing evidence for the self-medication hypothesis. Tobacco and nicotine prevention and cessation programs and messaging are needed particularly among young adults who experience depressive symptoms.
鲜有研究调查了年轻人中新发的香烟和电子尼古丁传送系统（ENDS）依赖症状。本研究旨在：1）在 4.5 年期间，检测新出现的香烟和 ENDS 依赖症状；2）调查抑郁症状如何影响年轻人中新发的依赖症状。参与者来自德克萨斯州的 24 所大学，他们正在参加一项多波队列研究（2014-2019 年）。本研究包括 4536 名年龄在 18-25 岁之间的参与者，他们在第 1 波时没有报告香烟或 ENDS 依赖症状（64.1%为女性；65.2%为非白人；第 1 波时的平均年龄为 20.62 [SD=1.80]）。采用 Cox 回归模型来确定新发香烟和 ENDS 依赖症状的总体风险，以及抑郁症状的影响。模型控制了社会人口因素和其他烟草制品的使用。在研究的 4.5 年内，14.4%的参与者报告新发香烟依赖症状，14.6%报告新发 ENDS 依赖症状。抑郁症状显著预测新发香烟（HR=1.30，CI=[1.21，1.39]）和 ENDS（HR=1.20，CI=[1.12，1.29]）依赖症状的风险增加。在研究的 4.5 年内，年轻人对香烟和 ENDS 产品的依赖症状发生率相似。抑郁症状升高会增加新发香烟和 ENDS 依赖症状的风险，这为自我药物治疗假说提供了更多证据。需要针对有抑郁症状的年轻人，特别是开展烟草和尼古丁预防和戒烟计划及宣传。
