Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
School of Public Administration, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, China.
Front Public Health. 2021 Jun 7;9:677910. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.677910. eCollection 2021.
In the context of rapid urbanization in developing countries, the spatial organization of cities has been progressively restructured over the past decades. However, little has been done to understand how the physical expansion affected the reorganization of socioeconomic spaces in cities. This study explores the association between various street network metrics and urban vitality and how it changes across different scales using geographic big data through a case study of Wuhan, China. Urban vitality is characterized by four components: concentration, accessibility, livability, and diversity. The new technique of spatial design network analysis (sDNA) is employed to characterize street network metrics, including connectivity, closeness, betweenness, severance, and efficiency, with 16 localized network variables. Furthermore, the stratified spatial heterogeneity between street network metrics at multiple scales and the four components of urban vitality is investigated using the Geodetector tool. First, concentration, accessibility, and diversity decline with distance from the urban center, whereas livability has a fluctuating upward trend with distance from the urban core. Second, the correlation between street network characteristics and urban vitality is sensitive to different spatial scales. Third, connectivity explains the largest amount of the variance in urban vitality (over 40%), while both betweenness and closeness explain roughly 28% of urban vitality. Efficiency and severance contribute 22 and 10% to the spatial heterogeneity of urban vitality, respectively. The study sheds light on the mechanisms between street configurations and urban vitality from the multi-scalar perspective. Some implications are provided for the improvement of the streets' urban vitality.
在发展中国家快速城市化的背景下，城市的空间组织在过去几十年中逐渐进行了重构。然而，对于物理扩张如何影响城市社会经济空间的重组，人们知之甚少。本研究通过对中国武汉的案例研究，探讨了各种街道网络指标与城市活力之间的关联，以及这种关联在不同尺度上的变化。城市活力的特征由四个组成部分组成：集中性、可达性、宜居性和多样性。采用空间设计网络分析（sDNA）新技术来描述街道网络指标，包括连通性、接近度、中间性、割裂度和效率，同时还采用了 16 个局部网络变量。此外，使用 Geodetector 工具研究了街道网络指标在多个尺度上与城市活力四个组成部分之间的分层空间异质性。首先，从城市中心向外，集中性、可达性和多样性都随着距离的增加而下降，而宜居性则随着与城市核心的距离增加而呈波动上升趋势。其次，街道网络特征与城市活力之间的相关性对不同的空间尺度很敏感。第三，连通性解释了城市活力变异的最大比例（超过 40%），而中间性和接近度解释了城市活力的大致 28%。效率和割裂度分别对城市活力的空间异质性贡献了 22%和 10%。本研究从多尺度的角度揭示了街道配置与城市活力之间的机制。为改善街道的城市活力提供了一些启示。
