Department of Structural Biology, Laboratory of Biomathematics and Physical Anthropology, Institute of Biomedical Science, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Department of Biology, Academic Areas, Federal Institute of Goias, Anápolis, Goiás, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2021 Jun 24;16(6):e0252178. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252178. eCollection 2021.
Opposing genetic and cultural-social explanations for the origin of language are currently the focus of much discussion. One of the functions linked to the longitudinal fascicle is language, which links Wernicke's area and Broca's area in the brain, and its size should indicate the brain increase in the evolution. Sapajus is a New World primate genus with high cognition and advanced tool use similar to that of chimpanzees. A study of the gross anatomy of the longitudinal fascicle of Sapajus using Kingler's method found it to differ from other studied primates, such as macaques and chimpanzees, mainly because its fibers join the cingulate fascicle. As in other non-human primates, the longitudinal fascicle of Sapajus does not reach the temporal lobe, which could indicate a way of separating these fascicles to increase white matter in relation to individual function. The study of anatomical structures seems very promising for understanding the basis of the origin of language. Indeed, socio-historical-cultural philosophy affirms the socio-cultural origin of speech, although considering the anatomical structures behind it working as a functional system.
目前，对于语言起源的遗传和文化-社会解释之间存在争议。其中一个与纵向束相关的功能是语言，它连接了大脑中的韦尼克区和布洛卡区，其大小应该表明大脑在进化中的增加。Sapajus 是一种新世界灵长类动物，具有与黑猩猩相似的高认知和先进的工具使用能力。一项使用 Kingler 方法对 Sapajus 纵向束的大体解剖结构的研究发现，它与其他研究过的灵长类动物（如猕猴和黑猩猩）不同，主要是因为它的纤维与扣带束结合。与其他非人类灵长类动物一样，Sapajus 的纵向束没有到达颞叶，这可能表明这些束的分离方式是为了增加与个体功能相关的白质。对解剖结构的研究似乎非常有希望理解语言起源的基础。事实上，社会历史文化哲学肯定了言语的社会文化起源，尽管考虑到其背后的解剖结构作为一个功能系统在起作用。
