Zhang Feng, Bi Cunjian, Yin Xiaojian, Chen Qi, Liu Yuan, Li Yuqiang, Sun Yi, Zhang Ting, Yang Xiaofang, Li Ming
Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
Am J Hum Biol. 2022 Feb;34(2):e23624. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.23624. Epub 2021 Jun 24.
This study aimed to assess the role of age, sex, and weight status in the development of muscular fitness in a large sample of Chinese Tibetan children and adolescents aged 7-18 years living in areas over 3600 m.
A sample of 4673 Chinese Tibetan children and adolescents aged 7-18 years were recruited from 21 schools in three cities (Lhasa, Naqu, and Anduo) of Tibet, China. Grip strength, standing long jump, 30-s sit-ups, and 50-m dash were conducted to determine muscular fitness. Independent sample t tests were conducted to compare muscular fitness between boys and girls for each age group. The changes in mean scores on each muscular fitness test were estimated. The influence of weight status on muscular strength level was also estimated using one-way ANOVA and LSD tests. We also compared the average muscular fitness between Chinese Tibetan and Chinese average level.
The muscular fitness of Chinese Tibetan boys aged 7-18 years was higher than that of girls, with older children outperforming younger children. Among the Chinese Tibetan boys, those in the normal-weight group showed the best performance, whereas overweight group showed the best performance among the girls. The performance of Chinese Tibetan children and adolescents in standing long jump and 50-m dash was lower while that in sit-ups was higher than the performance of their Chinese counterparts.
Chinese Tibetan children and adolescents have relatively strong abdominal strength, but lower limb strength, which needs to be improved. Age, sex, and weight status should be considered when designing interventions to improve muscular fitness.
本研究旨在评估年龄、性别和体重状况在居住于海拔3600米以上地区的大量7至18岁中国藏族儿童和青少年肌肉适能发展中的作用。
从中国西藏三个城市（拉萨、那曲和安多）的21所学校招募了4673名7至18岁的中国藏族儿童和青少年。通过握力、立定跳远、30秒仰卧起坐和50米短跑来测定肌肉适能。进行独立样本t检验以比较各年龄组男孩和女孩之间的肌肉适能。估计每项肌肉适能测试平均得分的变化。还使用单因素方差分析和LSD检验估计体重状况对肌肉力量水平的影响。我们还比较了中国藏族与中国平均水平之间的平均肌肉适能。
7至18岁中国藏族男孩的肌肉适能高于女孩，年龄较大的儿童表现优于年龄较小的儿童。在中国藏族男孩中，正常体重组表现最佳，而在女孩中，超重组表现最佳。中国藏族儿童和青少年在立定跳远和50米短跑中的表现低于其汉族同龄人，而在仰卧起坐中的表现则高于汉族同龄人。
中国藏族儿童和青少年腹部力量相对较强，但下肢力量较弱，需要改善。在设计改善肌肉适能的干预措施时应考虑年龄、性别和体重状况。
