Clinic of General, Special Care and Geriatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Division of Gerodontology, Clinic of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials Science, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.
Z Gerontol Geriatr. 2022 Jul;55(4):318-324. doi: 10.1007/s00391-021-01928-1. Epub 2021 Jun 25.
With increasing frailty and complaint-oriented utilization of dental care, the prevalence of oral diseases also increases.
To clarify whether there is a need for dental prosthodontic treatment during residential acute geriatric rehabilitation.
Within 3 weeks in a hospital for acute geriatric patients, 79 out of 157 newly admitted patients were interviewed as study participants (age: median 79.0 years, range 66-96 years, female 51.9%), dental findings were recorded, treatment needs were determined but X‑rays were not taken.
Of the participants 31.1% had not seen a dentist for more than 1 year and 18.2% were edentulous. The median number of teeth in dentate participants was 16 (range 1-28 teeth); based on all participants, there was a median of 12.0 teeth (range 0-28 teeth). Of the 52 denture wearers (45 upper jaw and 43 lower jaw), 5 each of the maxillary and mandibular dentures could not be assessed because they were not available at the hospital. Moderate denture deficiencies were present in 62.5% of participants wearing upper dentures (mandibular 55.3%).
Dental treatment is needed in this vulnerable patient group. Therefore, the oral cavity should be assessed as part of the geriatric assessment. The available data confirm that the use of validated assessment instruments, such as the mini dental assessment as part of the comprehensive geriatric assessment would be useful. In addition to an oral examination, simple dental treatment should be provided to reduce infections and improve chewing ability. The geriatrician should be informed of the urgency of treatment. The overall rehabilitative approach of acute geriatric treatment would be complete if oral health would not be excluded.
随着衰弱程度的增加和以主诉为导向的口腔护理利用度的增加，口腔疾病的患病率也在增加。
明确在住院急性老年康复治疗期间是否需要进行牙修复治疗。
在急性老年患者医院的 3 周内，对新入院的 157 名患者中的 79 名进行了访谈（年龄：中位数为 79.0 岁，范围为 66-96 岁，女性占 51.9%），记录了口腔检查结果，确定了治疗需求，但未拍摄 X 光片。
参与者中 31.1%的人超过 1 年未看牙医，18.2%的人无牙。有牙的参与者的平均牙齿数为 16 颗（范围为 1-28 颗）；基于所有参与者，平均有 12.0 颗牙齿（范围为 0-28 颗）。在 52 名戴义齿的患者中（45 名上颌和 43 名下颌），由于医院内没有上颌和下颌义齿，各有 5 名无法评估。上颌义齿佩戴者中有 62.5%（下颌 55.3%）存在中度义齿缺陷。
在这个脆弱的患者群体中需要进行口腔治疗。因此，口腔应作为老年评估的一部分进行评估。现有数据证实，使用经过验证的评估工具（如微型口腔评估作为综合老年评估的一部分）将是有用的。除口腔检查外，还应提供简单的牙科治疗，以减少感染并改善咀嚼能力。应将治疗的紧迫性告知老年病医生。如果不排除口腔健康，急性老年治疗的整体康复方法将是完整的。
