Parasitology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-331, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
Nanomaterials Group, Department of Materials Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Acta Parasitol. 2022 Mar;67(1):143-152. doi: 10.1007/s11686-021-00445-w. Epub 2021 Jun 26.
PURPOSE: Today, the use of natural products and nanostructures has increased. Given the reports on beneficial effects of various organotellurane compounds on types of visceral leishmaniasis, we decided to investigate the effect of TeO NPs on Leishmania major (L. major). Tellurium can cause cell apoptosis in cancer cells without activating the caspase-pathway. METHODS: TeO NPs at first synthesized and the structure was checked by XRD, SEM and EDS tests. The cytotoxic effect of TeO NPs against L. major promastigotes, amastigotes and macrophages was assessed by MTT test or counting. The possible apoptosis of L. major by TeO NPs was evaluated by flow cytometry test. For in vivo assay, the lesions of infected BALB/c mice with L. major promastigotes were treated with TeO NPs, then the lesion size and survival rate were evaluated. RESULTS: The synthesis of TeO with tetragonal structure was confirmed by XRD. The combination of nanorods and nanoflakes and the presence of Te were proven by SEM and EDS, respectively. According the effects of nanoparticle on promastigotes and amastigotes, the IC values of TeO after 72 h of incubation were 15.13 and 52.22 µg/ml, respectively. TeO NPs induced apoptosis in about 41% of promastigotes. The ulcer greatly healed and survival rate was higher in treated mice compared to those in control group. CONCLUSION: Based on the data, favorable anti-leishmanial properties were observed by using TeO NPs. TeO NPs have cytotoxic impacts on L. major promastigotes and amastigotes in vitro and in vivo and may be regarded as a therapy option.
目的：如今，人们越来越多地使用天然产物和纳米结构。鉴于各种有机碲烷化合物对内脏利什曼病的有益作用的报道，我们决定研究 TeO NPs 对利什曼原虫（L. major）的影响。碲可以在不激活半胱天冬酶途径的情况下引起癌细胞凋亡。
方法：首先合成 TeO NPs，通过 XRD、SEM 和 EDS 测试检查其结构。通过 MTT 试验或计数评估 TeO NPs 对 L. major 前鞭毛体、无鞭毛体和巨噬细胞的细胞毒性作用。通过流式细胞术试验评估 TeO NPs 对 L. major 可能引起的细胞凋亡。进行体内试验时，用 TeO NPs 处理感染 L. major 前鞭毛体的 BALB/c 小鼠的病变，然后评估病变大小和存活率。
结果：通过 XRD 证实了具有四方结构的 TeO 的合成。通过 SEM 和 EDS 分别证实了纳米棒和纳米片的组合以及 Te 的存在。根据纳米颗粒对前鞭毛体和无鞭毛体的作用，孵育 72 小时后 TeO 的 IC 值分别为 15.13 和 52.22 µg/ml。TeO NPs 诱导约 41%的前鞭毛体发生细胞凋亡。与对照组相比，治疗组的溃疡愈合得很好，存活率更高。
结论：根据这些数据，使用 TeO NPs 观察到了良好的抗利什曼原虫特性。TeO NPs 在体外和体内对 L. major 前鞭毛体和无鞭毛体具有细胞毒性作用，可作为一种治疗选择。
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