Department of Materials Engineering, Nanomaterials Group, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
PLoS One. 2021 Aug 18;16(8):e0255571. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255571. eCollection 2021.
Leishmaniasis is a major public health problem that causes by parasite of the genus Leishmania. The pentavalent antimonial compounds that used for treatment are not safe or effective enough. The aim of the present study was preparation and evaluation of the efficacy of green synthesized silver nanoparticles against Leishmania major (L. major) in vitro.
To synthesis silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs), ginger extract was added to the 0.2mM AgNO3 aqueous solution (1:20). Effects of different concentrations of Ag-NPs on the number of L. major promastigotes were investigated using counting assay. The MTT test was applied to determine the toxicity of Ag-NPs on promastigotes of L. major, as well as, macrophage cells. Then, to evaluate the anti-amastigotes effects of Ag-NPs, parasites within the macrophages were counted by light microscope. Furthermore, to determine the induced apoptosis and necrotic effects of Ag-NPs on promastigotes, flow cytometry method was employed using annexin staining.
The effect of Ag-NPs on promastigotes and amastigotes of L. major was effective and has a reverse relationship with its concentration. According to the results of anti-amastigote assay, the IC50 value of this nanoparticle was estimated 2.35 ppm after 72h. Also, Ag-NPs caused Programmed Cell Death (PCD) in promastigotes of L. major and showed 60.18% of apoptosis.
Based on the mentioned results, it can be concluded that Ag NPs has a beneficial effect on promastigote and amastigote forms of L. major in vitro. Hence, these nanoparticles could be applied as promising antileishmanial agents for treatment of Leishmania infections.
利什曼病是一种主要的公共卫生问题，由利什曼原虫属寄生虫引起。目前用于治疗的五价锑化合物既不安全也不够有效。本研究的目的是制备和评估绿色合成的银纳米粒子对体外大镰状鞭毛虫（L. major）的疗效。
为了合成银（Ag）纳米粒子（NPs），将生姜提取物加入 0.2mM 的 AgNO3 水溶液（1:20）中。使用计数法研究不同浓度的 Ag-NPs 对大镰状鞭毛前体数量的影响。MTT 试验用于测定 Ag-NPs 对大镰状鞭毛前体和巨噬细胞的毒性。然后，为了评估 Ag-NPs 对前鞭毛体的抗阿米巴作用，通过光学显微镜计数巨噬细胞内的寄生虫。此外，为了确定 Ag-NPs 对前鞭毛体的诱导凋亡和坏死作用，采用 Annexin 染色的流式细胞术方法。
Ag-NPs 对大镰状鞭毛前体和内阿米巴的作用是有效的，并且与浓度呈反比关系。根据抗阿米巴试验的结果，这种纳米粒子的 IC50 值在 72 小时后估计为 2.35ppm。此外，Ag-NPs 导致大镰状鞭毛原虫的程序性细胞死亡（PCD），并显示 60.18%的凋亡。
根据上述结果，可以得出结论，Ag NPs 对大镰状鞭毛前体和内阿米巴形式的 L. major 在体外具有有益的作用。因此，这些纳米粒子可作为有前途的抗利什曼原虫药物，用于治疗利什曼原虫感染。
