Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), Nöldnerstraße 40-42, 10317, Berlin, Germany.
Lægekonsulenten.Dk, AS3 Companies, Hasselager Centervej 35, 8260, Viby J, Denmark.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2022 Jan;95(1):153-168. doi: 10.1007/s00420-021-01716-9. Epub 2021 Jun 27.
To examine 5-year prospective associations between working conditions and work ability among employees in Germany.
A cohort study (2011/2012-2017), based on a random sample of employees in employments subject to payment of social contributions aged 31-60 years (Study on Mental Health at Work; S-MGA; N = 2,078), included data on physical and quantitative demands, control (influence, possibilities for development, control over working time), relations (role clarity and leadership quality) and work ability (Work Ability Index, WAI; subscale 'subjective work ability and resources'). Data were analysed using linear regression.
Physical demands and control were associated with small 5-year changes in work ability (ΔR = 1%). Among the subgroup of employees with ≥ 25 sickness days, possibilities for development, control and quality of leadership were associated with changes in work ability (ΔR = 8%).
The impact of working conditions on long term changes in work ability seems to be negligible. However, in vulnerable subpopulations experiencing poor health, working conditions may be associated to a larger extent to work ability over this time span.
研究德国员工工作条件与工作能力之间的 5 年前瞻性关联。
这是一项基于有薪雇佣员工的随机抽样的队列研究（2011/2012-2017 年；工作场所心理健康研究；S-MGA；N=2078），包括了身体和量化需求、控制（影响、发展机会、工作时间控制）、关系（角色清晰度和领导素质）和工作能力（工作能力指数，WAI；主观工作能力和资源子量表）的数据。使用线性回归分析数据。
身体需求和控制与工作能力的微小 5 年变化相关（ΔR=1%）。在病假天数≥25 的员工亚组中，发展机会、控制和领导素质与工作能力的变化相关（ΔR=8%）。
工作条件对工作能力长期变化的影响似乎可以忽略不计。然而，在健康状况较差的脆弱亚人群中，工作条件在这段时间内可能与工作能力的关联更大。
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