Department of Research and Development, Human Total Care, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J Occup Rehabil. 2021 Jun;31(2):419-430. doi: 10.1007/s10926-020-09931-w. Epub 2020 Oct 19.
Purpose This study investigated the effects of psychosocial working conditions on mental health-related long-term sickness absence and whether distress, work satisfaction, burnout, engagement, and work ability mediated the associations between psychosocial working conditions and mental health-related long-term sickness absence. Methods This cohort study included 53,833 non-sick listed workers who participated in occupational health surveys between 2010 and 2013. The effects of the individual psychosocial working conditions on mental long-term sickness absence were analyzed using univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses. Mediation analyses were performed to examine the mediating role of distress, burnout, work satisfaction, engagement, and work ability between psychosocial working conditions and mental long-term sickness absence. The mediation analyses were performed using structural equation modeling. Results Role clarity, cognitive demands, emotional demands, work variety, learning opportunities, and co-worker support were related to mental health-related long-term sickness absence after adjustment for other working conditions. The relationship between emotional demands and mental health-related long-term sickness absence was the strongest, OR 1.304 (p < 0.001, 95% CI 1.135 to 1.498). The relation between psychosocial working conditions and mental health-related long-term sickness absence was mediated by distress, burnout, work satisfaction, engagement, and work ability. Distress was the most important mediator between psychosocial working conditions and mental health-related long-term sickness absence. Conclusions Psychosocial working conditions are related to mental health-related long-term sickness absence. After correction for other working conditions, the association between emotional demands and mental health-related long-term sickness absence was the strongest. Psychosocial working conditions are indirectly related to mental health-related long-term sickness absence through mediation by distress, work satisfaction, and work ability.
目的 本研究旨在探讨心理社会工作条件对心理健康相关长期病假的影响，以及痛苦、工作满意度、倦怠、投入和工作能力是否在心理社会工作条件与心理健康相关长期病假之间的关联中起中介作用。
方法 本队列研究纳入了 53833 名未请病假的工人，他们在 2010 年至 2013 年期间参加了职业健康调查。使用单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析来分析个体心理社会工作条件对心理健康相关长期病假的影响。进行中介分析以检验痛苦、倦怠、工作满意度、投入和工作能力在心理社会工作条件与心理健康相关长期病假之间的中介作用。使用结构方程模型进行中介分析。
结果 在调整其他工作条件后，角色清晰度、认知需求、情绪需求、工作多样性、学习机会和同事支持与心理健康相关的长期病假有关。情绪需求与心理健康相关的长期病假之间的关系最强，OR 1.304（p<0.001，95%CI 1.135 至 1.498）。心理社会工作条件与心理健康相关的长期病假之间的关系由痛苦、倦怠、工作满意度、投入和工作能力介导。痛苦是心理社会工作条件与心理健康相关的长期病假之间最重要的中介因素。
结论 心理社会工作条件与心理健康相关的长期病假有关。在调整其他工作条件后，情绪需求与心理健康相关的长期病假之间的关联最强。心理社会工作条件通过痛苦、工作满意度和工作能力的中介作用与心理健康相关的长期病假间接相关。
