Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University of Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Department of Occupational Health Science, School of Mechanical Engineering and Safety Engineering, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2021 Feb;94(2):295-307. doi: 10.1007/s00420-020-01570-1. Epub 2020 Sep 8.
Mental disorders have been identified as a leading cause for reduced work ability in industrialized countries. Identification of workplace factors that can increase the work ability of employees with depressive symptoms from the Baby Boom generation is, therefore, highly relevant. This study thus aims to investigate whether changes in psychosocial working conditions can moderate the negative association between depressive symptoms and work ability.
Two waves with a 3-year time lag of the German lidA cohort study with 3609 participants born in 1959 and 1965 (aged 46 and 52 years at first wave) were analyzed. Self-report data about depressive symptoms at baseline and changes of working conditions from baseline to follow-up were used to calculate main and interaction effects on perceived work ability at follow-up. These analyses were controlled for baseline work ability and working conditions.
Depressive symptoms were predictive for an unfavorable course of work ability from baseline to follow-up (B = - 0.173, 95% CI = - 0.219 to - 0.128). However, no interaction effect between depressive symptoms and psychosocial working conditions was found. Instead, independent from the level of depressive symptoms, a decrease in quantitative demands (B = - 0.279, 95% CI = - 0.326 to - 0.232) and increases in leadership quality (B = 0.242, 95% CI = 0.192-0.292) and development opportunities (B = 0.177, 95% CI = 0.127-0.277) were related to a more favorable course of work ability. Only small effects were found for social support (B = 0.057, 95% CI = 0.008-0.106) and job control (B = 0.043, 95% CI = - 0.005-0.091).
The results indicate that the lagged and negative effect of depressive symptoms on work ability was not moderated by changes in psychosocial working conditions. However, the promotion of favorable working conditions may contribute to a positive development of work ability among employees from the Baby Boom generation independently from the level of depressive symptoms.
精神障碍已被确定为工业化国家工作能力下降的主要原因。因此，确定可以提高婴儿潮一代员工抑郁症状工作能力的工作场所因素非常重要。本研究旨在调查心理社会工作条件的变化是否可以缓和抑郁症状与工作能力之间的负相关关系。
使用德国 lidA 队列研究的两个时间滞后波，共有 3609 名参与者出生于 1959 年和 1965 年（第一次波时分别为 46 岁和 52 岁）。使用基线时的抑郁症状和从基线到随访时的工作条件变化的自我报告数据，计算对随访时感知工作能力的主要和交互作用。这些分析控制了基线工作能力和工作条件。
抑郁症状预测了从基线到随访时工作能力的不利发展（B=-0.173，95%CI=-0.219 至-0.128）。然而，没有发现抑郁症状和心理社会工作条件之间的交互作用。相反，无论抑郁症状的水平如何，定量需求的减少（B=-0.279，95%CI=-0.326 至-0.232）以及领导力质量的提高（B=0.242，95%CI=0.192-0.292）和发展机会（B=0.177，95%CI=0.127-0.277）都与工作能力的更有利发展有关。社会支持（B=0.057，95%CI=0.008-0.106）和工作控制（B=0.043，95%CI=0.005-0.091）的效果较小。
结果表明，抑郁症状对工作能力的滞后和负面影响不受心理社会工作条件变化的调节。然而，促进有利的工作条件可能有助于提高婴儿潮一代员工的工作能力，而与抑郁症状的水平无关。
