Department of Urology, Isala, Postbus 10400, 8000 GK, Zwolle, the Netherlands; Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Postbus 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Department of Paediatrics, Isala, Postbus 10400, 8000 GK, Zwolle, the Netherlands.
J Pediatr Urol. 2021 Aug;17(4):473.e1-473.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2021.05.026. Epub 2021 Jun 4.
Daytime urinary incontinence (UI) can have an enormous impact on a child's life, lowering both self-esteem and quality of life. Although most children start therapy after their first visit to our outpatient clinic, no studies have reported on parents' or patients' expectations of care for daytime UI in this setting.
We aimed to explore the expectations of the parents of children referred to an outpatient clinic for daytime UI.
This was a qualitative study that involved performing semi-structured interviews with the parents of children who had been referred for daytime UI (with or without nocturnal enuresis). Interviews took place between July 2018 and October 2018 and continued until saturation was reached. The results were transcribed verbatim and analyzed according to Giorgi's strategy of phenomenological data analysis.
Nine parents of children, aged 5-12 years old, were interviewed, revealing "(Experienced) Health," Self-management," and "Social Impact" as the main themes that influenced parental expectations. All parents wanted to know if there was a medical explanation for UI, some were satisfied when diagnostics revealed no underlying condition, and others wanted treatment. Parents expressed no preferences about diagnostics or the content and duration of treatment, but they hoped that any previously attempted ineffective steps would not be repeated. Some parents defined treatment success as their child becoming completely dry, but most stated that learning coping strategies was more important.
This is the first study to explore the expectations of parents when attending outpatient care for children with daytime UI. We employed a strong theoretical framework with a clear interview guide. The main limitations are that we only interviewed parents and that this was a qualitative study, precluding the drawing of firm conclusions. Nevertheless, our results point to the need for quantitative evaluation.
Expectations seem to be influenced by (experienced) health, efforts at self-management, and the social impact of UI, making it critical that these themes are addressed. It was interesting to note that parents do not always attend outpatient departments with the goal of completely resolving daytime UI. Instead, some only want to know if there is an underlying medical condition or want to reduce the social impact by learning coping mechanisms. Excluding underlying medical conditions may therefore stimulate acceptance of watchful waiting without the need to start treatment.
日间尿失禁（UI）会极大地影响儿童的生活，降低自尊心和生活质量。尽管大多数儿童在首次就诊我们的门诊后开始接受治疗，但尚无研究报告过在此环境下父母或患者对日间 UI 护理的期望。
我们旨在探讨日间尿失禁患儿家长的期望。
这是一项定性研究，对因日间尿失禁（伴或不伴夜间遗尿）而转诊至门诊的儿童的父母进行半结构式访谈。访谈于 2018 年 7 月至 2018 年 10 月进行，直至达到饱和。结果逐字转录，并根据 Giorgi 的现象学数据分析策略进行分析。
对 9 名 5-12 岁儿童的父母进行了访谈，揭示了“（经历过的）健康”、“自我管理”和“社会影响”是影响父母期望的主要主题。所有父母都想知道 UI 是否有医学解释，当诊断结果未发现潜在疾病时，有些父母感到满意，而另一些父母则希望进行治疗。父母对诊断或治疗内容和持续时间没有偏好，但他们希望不再重复之前尝试过但无效的步骤。一些父母将治疗成功定义为孩子完全不尿床，但大多数父母表示，学习应对策略更为重要。
这是第一项探讨父母在因日间尿失禁就诊门诊时期望的研究。我们采用了强大的理论框架和明确的访谈指南。主要局限性在于，我们只采访了父母，而且这是一项定性研究，无法得出确凿的结论。然而，我们的研究结果表明需要进行定量评估。
期望似乎受到（经历过的）健康、自我管理的努力和 UI 的社会影响的影响，因此必须解决这些主题。有趣的是，父母就诊时并不总是期望完全解决日间尿失禁。相反，有些父母只是想知道是否存在潜在的医学状况，或者想通过学习应对机制来减轻社会影响。因此，排除潜在的医学状况可能会刺激接受观察等待，而无需开始治疗。
