Juengel Jennifer L, Smith Peter R, Quirke Laurel D, French Michelle C, Edwards Sara J
Reproduction, Animal Science, AgResearch Ltd., Invermay Agricultural Centre, Mosgiel New Zealand.
Anim Reprod. 2018 Aug 16;15(3):180-190. doi: 10.21451/1984-3143-AR2018-0055.
Regulation of the growth and maturation of the ovarian follicle is critical for normal reproductive function. Alterations in this growth can lead to pathological conditions, such as cystic follicles, reduced oocyte quality, or an abnormal endocrine environment leading to poor fertility. Alterations in follicular growth also influence the number of follicles ovulating and thus can change litter size. Both endocrine factors, such as follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone, as well as local factors, are known to regulate follicular growth and development. This review will focus on the role of local factors in regulation of ovarian follicular growth in ruminants, with a focus on members of the transforming growth factor superfamily. The potential role of these factors in regulating proliferation, apoptosis, steroidogenesis and responsiveness to gonadotrophins will be considered.
卵巢卵泡的生长和成熟调节对于正常生殖功能至关重要。这种生长的改变可导致病理状况，如卵泡囊肿、卵母细胞质量下降或导致生育力低下的异常内分泌环境。卵泡生长的改变也会影响排卵卵泡的数量，从而改变产仔数。已知内分泌因素，如促卵泡激素和促黄体生成素，以及局部因素，均可调节卵泡的生长和发育。本综述将重点关注局部因素在反刍动物卵巢卵泡生长调节中的作用，尤其关注转化生长因子超家族的成员。将探讨这些因素在调节细胞增殖、凋亡、类固醇生成以及对促性腺激素反应性方面的潜在作用。
