Department of Zoology, Govt. Degree College, Paloura Mishriwala, Jammu, J & K, 180018, India.
Laboratory of Endocrinology, Department of Biosciences, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, M. P, 462026, India.
Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2023 Aug 14;21(1):73. doi: 10.1186/s12958-023-01115-4.
Artificial sweeteners, used as sugar substitutes have found their ways into almost all the food items due to the notion that they are non-caloric. Aspartame is used in numerous food products throughout the world. The primary users of aspartame include diabetics and calorie conscious people who intend to limit their calorie intake.
Female Swiss albino mice were divided into three groups (12 mice each) for the duration of 30 and 60 days consecutively. The treatment groups received 40 mg/kg b. w. aspartame orally. Hormone assays using ELISA and tissue histopathology have been performed along with the fertility assay to access the treatment outcomeon the fertility of treated mice in comparison to controls.
Present study reports that female mice treated with aspartame for 30 and 60 days showed significant reduction in body weight, relative organ weight of (liver and kidney) and gonadosomatic index. These changes were more significantly recorded in 60 days treatment group. Aspartame treated animals for 30 and 60 days showed duration-dependent decrease gonandotropins (follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone), and steroids (estradiol and progesterone). Moreover, severe histopathological changes, reduction in number of growing follicles, degenerative changes in follicular structure, corona radiata and zonagranulosa were also observed. Besides, histomorphological changes were also observed in the uterine structure including atrophic uterine endometrial glands, contracted endometrial lining, disruption of the endometrial structure and the shapes of blood vessels were also altered.
Non-nutritive artificial sweeteners including aspartame negatively impact the function of ovaries and feedback mechanism of reproductive hormones by affecting the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. In light of present findings the aspartame negatively impacted the reproductive system of female mice. More studies are required to identify the molecular mechanism and the pathways involved.
人工甜味剂被用作糖替代品，由于它们不含热量，因此几乎出现在所有食品中。阿斯巴甜在世界各地的许多食品中都有使用。阿斯巴甜的主要使用者包括糖尿病患者和想要限制热量摄入的人。
雌性瑞士白化病小鼠连续 30 天和 60 天分为三组（每组 12 只）。治疗组每天口服 40mg/kg 体重的阿斯巴甜。使用 ELISA 进行激素测定和组织组织病理学检查，并进行生育能力测定，以评估治疗对接受治疗的小鼠生育能力的影响与对照组相比。
本研究报告称，连续 30 天和 60 天接受阿斯巴甜治疗的雌性小鼠体重、（肝和肾）相对器官重量和性腺指数显著下降。在 60 天治疗组中，这些变化更为显著。接受阿斯巴甜治疗 30 天和 60 天的动物表现出与时间相关的促性腺激素（卵泡刺激素和黄体生成素）和类固醇（雌二醇和孕酮）减少。此外，还观察到严重的组织病理学变化、生长卵泡数量减少、卵泡结构退化、冠状辐射和颗粒层变薄。此外，还观察到子宫结构的组织形态学变化，包括萎缩的子宫内膜腺、收缩的子宫内膜内层、子宫内膜结构的破坏以及血管的形状也发生了改变。
非营养性人工甜味剂，包括阿斯巴甜，通过影响下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴，对卵巢功能和生殖激素的反馈机制产生负面影响。根据目前的发现，阿斯巴甜对雌性小鼠的生殖系统产生了负面影响。需要进一步的研究来确定涉及的分子机制和途径。
