Baglo Tatiana, Zohoun Alban, Agboton Bruno Léopold, Vigan Jacques, Ayaka Paolo, Anani Ludovic, Fall Awa Omar Touré, Gazard Dorothée Kindé
Laboratoire d'Hématologie du Centre National Hospitalier Universitaire, Cotonou, Bénin.
Clinique Universitaire de Néphrologie et de Dialyse du Centre National Hospitalier Universitaire, Cotonou, Bénin.
Pan Afr Med J. 2021 Mar 24;38:304. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2021.38.304.28202. eCollection 2021.
Blood transfusion is a medical procedure used to treat patients with labile blood product. Each transfusion of globular concentrate exposes recipients to the risk of red blood cell alloimmunization. The test for red cell antibodies (RCA) ensures the immunohaematological safety of transfused patients. In Benin, this test is not performed in a systematic way or included either in the pre-transfusion or in the post-transfusion tests. The purpose of this study is to determine the presence of red cell antibodies among polytransfused patients. RCA was performed using indirect antiglobulin test on gel-filtration in 51 polytransfused patients including 26 selected in the Department of Hematology and 25 in the Department of Nephrology at the National Hospital and University Center of Cotonou. After phenotyping alloimmunized patients, tests for detecting signs of hemolysis were performed. Clinical data as well as those on transfusion were collected from transfusion registries and medical records. The prevalence of alloimmunization in our study population was 13.73%. The antibodies identified had the following characteristics: association of anti-RH1 and anti-RH3, anti LE1, association of anti-RH3 and anti-FY1. Alloantibodies were more frequent in patients who had received more than 15 packed red blood cells. Laboratory tests showed signs of hemolysis in one alloimmunized patient. There was no correlation between age, sex, clinical diagnosis and the occurrence of red blood cell alloimmunization. The test for red cell antibodies should be systematically performed in polytransfused patients in order to ensure better transfusion recipient safety in Benin.
输血是一种用于治疗血液制品不稳定患者的医疗程序。每次输注浓缩红细胞都会使受血者面临红细胞同种免疫的风险。红细胞抗体检测（RCA）可确保输血患者的免疫血液学安全。在贝宁，这项检测并非系统开展，也未纳入输血前或输血后检测中。本研究的目的是确定多次输血患者中红细胞抗体的存在情况。对科托努国立医院和大学中心血液科选取的26例以及肾内科选取的25例共51例多次输血患者，采用间接抗球蛋白凝胶过滤试验进行红细胞抗体检测。对发生同种免疫的患者进行血型鉴定后，开展溶血迹象检测。从输血登记册和病历中收集临床数据以及输血相关数据。我们研究人群中的同种免疫患病率为13.73%。所鉴定出的抗体具有以下特征：抗RH1和抗RH3、抗LE1的组合，抗RH3和抗FY1的组合。接受超过15单位浓缩红细胞的患者中同种抗体更为常见。实验室检测显示1例发生同种免疫的患者有溶血迹象。年龄、性别、临床诊断与红细胞同种免疫的发生之间无相关性。为确保贝宁输血受血者有更高的安全性，应在多次输血患者中系统地开展红细胞抗体检测。
