Epidemiology Section, Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa.
Onderstepoort Veterinary Research, Agricultural Research Council, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2021 Jun 28;53(3):376. doi: 10.1007/s11250-021-02807-y.
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a transboundary animal disease that has negative socioeconomic consequences including impacts on food security. In South Africa, FMD outbreaks in communal farming communities cause major livestock and human livelihood concerns; they raise apprehensions about the effectiveness of FMD control measures within the FMD protection areas. This study aimed to identify high-risk areas for FMD outbreaks at the human/domestic animal/wildlife interface of South Africa. Cuzick-Edwards tests and Kulldorff scan statistics were used to detect spatial autocorrelation and spatial-temporal clusters of FMD outbreaks for the years 2005-2016.Four high-risk clusters were identified and the spatial distribution of outbreaks in cattle were closer to game reserve fences and consistent with wildlife contacts as a main contributor of FMD occurrence. Strategic allocation of resources, focused control measures, and cooperation between the affected provinces are recommended to reduce future outbreaks. Further research is necessary to design cost-effective control strategies for FMD.
口蹄疫（FMD）是一种具有负面社会经济影响的跨境动物疾病，包括对食品安全的影响。在南非，社区农业社区的口蹄疫疫情引发了重大的牲畜和人类生计问题；它们让人怀疑在口蹄疫保护区内的口蹄疫控制措施的有效性。本研究旨在确定南非人类/家养动物/野生动物界面上口蹄疫爆发的高风险地区。使用Cuzick-Edwards 检验和 Kulldorff 扫描统计来检测 2005-2016 年口蹄疫爆发的空间自相关和时空聚类。确定了四个高风险集群，并且牛的疫情空间分布更接近野生动物保护区的围栏，并且与野生动物接触是口蹄疫发生的主要因素一致。建议战略性地分配资源、采取集中控制措施以及受影响省份之间的合作，以减少未来的疫情爆发。有必要进一步研究，以制定具有成本效益的口蹄疫控制策略。
