Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.
University of Mary, Bismarck, North Dakota, USA.
Am J Sports Med. 2021 Aug;49(10):2810-2816. doi: 10.1177/03635465211020007. Epub 2021 Jun 28.
Research has demonstrated that female athletes are more likely to report their sports-related concussion (SRC) symptoms compared with male athletes; however, it is unknown if these reporting behaviors correspond to immediate removal from activity in sex-comparable sports.
To compare the incidence of high school student-athletes removed and not removed from activity after SRC in sex-comparable sports in Michigan.
Descriptive epidemiology study.
Participants included student-athletes diagnosed with SRC participating in Michigan High School Athletic Association-sponsored athletic activities (22 sex-comparable sports) between 2016 and 2019. All SRCs were recorded in the association's Head Injury Reporting System (HIRS) by certified athletic trainers, administrators, or coaches. Removal from activity indicated that the student-athlete was removed from play at the time of an injury event. If the student-athlete reported that his or her suspected injury event occurred earlier during activity or if symptom onset was delayed, "not removed from activity" was entered into the HIRS. Incidence proportions were calculated by dividing SRCs not removed by total SRCs in each sport. Risk ratios were calculated by dividing the incidence proportions of girls not removed by boys not removed in each sport.
A total of 4418 (2773 female, 1645 male) SRCs were reported, with the most occurring in female soccer players (n = 1023). Overall, 515 girls and 243 boys were not removed from activity, resulting in incidences of 0.19 (95% CI, 0.17-0.20) and 0.15 (95% CI, 0.13-0.17), respectively. Across all sports, girls were 1.26 (95% CI, 1.09-1.45) times as likely to not be removed from activity compared with boys. Of the sports with the most SRCs-soccer, basketball, baseball/softball, and lacrosse-girls had 1.37 (95% CI, 1.09-1.72), 1.15 (95% CI, 0.89-1.47), 1.19 (95% CI, 0.77-1.84), and 1.35 (95% CI, 0.94-1.95) times the risk of not being removed, respectively.
Girls were at greater risk of not being removed from activity compared with boys in sex-comparable sports. Results from this study should be incorporated into SRC education in Michigan and potentially elsewhere to inform affiliated personnel of potential sex differences and protect female student-athletes from further harm.
研究表明，女性运动员比男性运动员更有可能报告与运动相关的脑震荡（SRC）症状；然而，尚不清楚这些报告行为是否与在性别可比的运动中立即停止活动相对应。
比较密歇根州性别可比运动中 SRC 后高中运动员的活动去除和未去除的发生率。
描述性流行病学研究。
参与者包括 2016 年至 2019 年期间参加密歇根州高中体育协会（HIRS）赞助的体育活动（22 项性别可比运动）的诊断为 SRC 的运动员。所有 SRC 均由认证的运动训练师、管理员或教练在协会的头部损伤报告系统（HIRS）中记录。活动去除表明运动员在受伤事件时从比赛中去除。如果运动员报告他或她的疑似受伤事件发生在活动期间较早，或者症状发作延迟，则将“未从活动中去除”输入 HIRS。每个运动的 SRC 去除比例通过将未去除的 SRC 除以总 SRC 计算。每个运动中女孩未去除的风险比通过将女孩未去除的发生率除以男孩未去除的发生率计算。
共报告了 4418 例（2773 名女性，1645 名男性）SRC，其中女性足球运动员的 SRC 发生率最高（n=1023）。总体而言，515 名女孩和 243 名男孩未被去除，发生率分别为 0.19（95%CI，0.17-0.20）和 0.15（95%CI，0.13-0.17）。在所有运动中，女孩不活动的可能性是男孩的 1.26 倍（95%CI，1.09-1.45）。在 SRC 发生率最高的运动——足球、篮球、棒球/垒球和曲棍球——中，女孩的风险分别为 1.37（95%CI，1.09-1.72）、1.15（95%CI，0.89-1.47）、1.19（95%CI，0.77-1.84）和 1.35（95%CI，0.94-1.95）倍。
与性别可比的运动中的男孩相比，女孩不活动的风险更高。本研究的结果应纳入密歇根州的 SRC 教育中，并可能在其他地方实施，以便告知相关人员潜在的性别差异，并保护女性学生运动员免受进一步伤害。
