Politecnico di Torino, Road Safety and Driving Simulation Laboratory, Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering (DIATI), 24, corso Duca degli Abruzzi, Torino, 10129, Italy.
Università degli Studi di Padova, Department of General Psychology (DPG), 8, Via Venezia, Padova, 35131, Italy.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Aug 1;225:108847. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108847. Epub 2021 Jun 24.
Alcohol consumption is responsible for a significant number of road fatalities. To contrast this phenomenon, a more responsible attitude to the wine consumption, especially among young, inexperienced drivers prone to risky behaviour on the road must be promoted.
This is a simplified single-blind, placebo-controlled experiment aimed at evaluating 44 young drivers monitored during a driving simulation following the consumption of natural and conventional wines, with a reference blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of 0.5 g/l. Two hypotheses are tested: (1) the legal consumption of wine has no significant impact on young drivers' performance in both ordinary and unusual road events; (2) natural and conventional wines are expected to produce negligible and acceptable impairments in young drivers the same BAC. Two reference groups (BAC = 0 g/l), one a placebo-controlled group with drivers treated with a dealcoholized wine, were included.
Significant differences between the groups in terms of perception and reaction times (PRT) to visual and auditory stimuli, and to speeding were observed, with young drivers treated with conventional wine displaying more aggressive behaviours. In contrast, participants treated with natural wine showed PRT which were not significantly different from those belonging to control groups. The gaze attention levels of wine treated drivers were found to be dose dependant, with young drivers of the two control groups and those of the treated ones with BAC < 0.3 g/l able to focus on wider area ahead and, thereby, collect more information from the road environment.
饮酒是导致道路死亡事故的主要原因之一。为了改变这一现象，必须倡导更负责任的饮酒态度，尤其是针对易发生危险行为的年轻无经验驾驶员。
这是一项简化的单盲、安慰剂对照实验，旨在评估 44 名年轻驾驶员在模拟驾驶中的表现，他们在饮用天然和传统葡萄酒后，血液中的酒精浓度（BAC）保持在 0.5 克/升。该实验测试了两个假设：（1）法定饮酒量对普通和特殊路况下年轻驾驶员的表现没有显著影响；（2）天然和传统葡萄酒在相同 BAC 水平下对年轻驾驶员的影响可忽略不计且可接受。实验还纳入了两个参考组（BAC = 0 克/升），一组为安慰剂对照，驾驶员饮用脱醇葡萄酒；另一组为空白对照组。
与视觉和听觉刺激以及超速相关的感知和反应时间（PRT）方面，各小组之间存在显著差异，饮用传统葡萄酒的年轻驾驶员表现出更具攻击性的行为。相比之下，饮用天然葡萄酒的参与者的 PRT 与对照组无显著差异。研究发现，驾驶员的注视注意力水平与剂量有关，BAC<0.3 克/升的两个对照组驾驶员和治疗组驾驶员能够集中注意力在更宽的前方区域，从而从道路环境中收集更多信息。
