Unraveling the molecular effects of oxybenzone on the proteome of an environmentally relevant marine bacterium.

The use of Benzophenone-3 (BP3), also known as oxybenzone, a common UV filter, is a growing environmental concern in regard to its toxicity on aquatic organisms. Our previous work stressed that BP3 is toxic to Epibacterium mobile, an environmentally relevant marine α-proteobacterium. In this study, we implemented a label-free quantitative proteomics workflow to decipher the effects of BP3 on the E. mobile proteome. Furthermore, the effect of DMSO, one of the most common solvents used to vehicle low concentrations of lipophilic chemicals, was assessed to emphasize the importance of limiting solvent concentration in ecotoxicological studies. Data-independent analysis proteomics highlighted that BP3 induced changes in the regulation of 56 proteins involved in xenobiotic export, detoxification, oxidative stress response, motility, and fatty acid, iron and amino acid metabolisms. Our results also outlined that the use of DMSO at 0.046% caused regulation changes in proteins related to transport, iron uptake and metabolism, and housekeeping functions, underlining the need to reduce the concentration of solvents in ecotoxicological studies.