Paepke Daniela, Wiedeck Clea, Hapfelmeier Alexander, Kiechle Marion, Brambs Christine
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Institute of Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
BMC Womens Health. 2021 Jun 28;21(1):260. doi: 10.1186/s12905-021-01391-5.
The influence of lifestyle factors on the quality of life, incidence and tumor recurrence has been evaluated in several studies and is gaining increasing importance in cancer research. However, the extent of the influence of such lifestyle factors on the quality of life of cancer patients remains largely unclear, as does the number of patients actually pursuing these lifestyle changes. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and predictors of lifestyle changes in patients with gynecological cancer.
The survey consisted of a pseudonymous questionnaire that was conducted from January to May 2014 via a telephone interview with 141 patients with a gynaecological malignancy who had undergone surgery at our Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. Lifestyle factors (diet, physical activity, stress level, alcohol and nicotine consumption) prior to and after the diagnosis of cancer were evaluated.
89% (n = 125) of the patients reported lifestyle changes after being diagnosed with cancer. There was a significant association between the implementation of lifestyle changes and age as well as the use of complementary medicine. Nutrition: 66% of the patients (n = 93) consumed more fruit and vegetables and 65% ate less meat (n = 92). Physical activity: 37% (n = 52) reported no change in their exercise routine, 36% (n = 51) described a decrease, 27% (n = 38) an increase in their physical activity. Subjective feeling of stress: 77% of the patients (n = 108) described a reduction in their perceived level of stress. Nicotine consumption: 63% (n = 12) of the 19 patients who were smokers at the time of the diagnosis quit or reduced smoking thereafter. Alcohol consumption: 47% (n = 61/129) of the patients reduced their alcohol consumption.
Most of the patients from our study group implemented lifestyle changes after being diagnosed with cancer. Prospective randomized trials are needed in order to determine the benefit of lifestyle changes (physical activity, dietary habits and stress reduction) for cancer survivors. The potential impact of lifestyle on the quality of life and the trajectory of the disease should be discussed with all oncological patients.
多项研究评估了生活方式因素对生活质量、发病率及肿瘤复发的影响，且其在癌症研究中的重要性日益增加。然而，此类生活方式因素对癌症患者生活质量的影响程度仍很大程度上不明确，实际追求这些生活方式改变的患者数量也不明确。本研究的目的是调查妇科癌症患者生活方式改变的患病率及预测因素。
该调查采用匿名问卷，于2014年1月至5月通过电话访谈对141例在我院妇产科接受手术的妇科恶性肿瘤患者进行。评估了癌症诊断前后的生活方式因素（饮食、体育活动、压力水平、酒精和尼古丁消费）。
89%（n = 125）的患者报告在被诊断患有癌症后生活方式发生了改变。生活方式改变的实施与年龄以及补充医学的使用之间存在显著关联。营养方面：66%的患者（n = 93）摄入了更多水果和蔬菜，65%的患者（n = 92）减少了肉类摄入。体育活动方面：37%（n = 52）的患者报告其锻炼习惯没有变化，36%（n = 51）的患者表示减少了锻炼，27%（n = 38）的患者表示增加了体育活动。主观压力感受方面：77%的患者（n = 108）表示其感知到的压力水平有所降低。尼古丁消费方面：19例诊断时吸烟的患者中有63%（n = 12）此后戒烟或减少了吸烟量。酒精消费方面：47%（n = 61/129）的患者减少了酒精摄入量。
我们研究组的大多数患者在被诊断患有癌症后改变了生活方式。需要进行前瞻性随机试验，以确定生活方式改变（体育活动、饮食习惯和减轻压力）对癌症幸存者的益处。应与所有肿瘤患者讨论生活方式对生活质量和疾病进程的潜在影响。
