重新思考自闭症中的刻板行为。
Rethinking Stereotypies in Autism.
机构信息
Departments of Neurology, Pediatrics, and Neuroscience and The Center for Learning and Memory, Dell Medical School at The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX.
Departments of Neurology, Pediatrics, and Neuroscience and The Center for Learning and Memory, Dell Medical School at The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX.
出版信息
Semin Pediatr Neurol. 2021 Jul;38:100897. doi: 10.1016/j.spen.2021.100897. Epub 2021 May 31.
Stereotyped movements ("stereotypies") are semi-voluntary repetitive movements that are a prominent clinical feature of autism spectrum disorder. They are described in first-person accounts by people with autism as relaxing and that they help focus the mind and cope in overwhelming sensory environments. Therefore, we generally recommend against techniques that aim to suppress stereotypies in individuals with autism. Further, we hypothesize that understanding the neurobiology of stereotypies could guide development of treatments to produce the benefits of stereotypies without the need to generate repetitive motor movements. Here, we link first-person reports and clinical findings with basic neuroanatomy and physiology to produce a testable model of stereotypies. We hypothesize that stereotypies improve sensory processing and attention by regulating brain rhythms, either directly from the rhythmic motor command, or via rhythmic sensory feedback generated by the movements.
刻板动作（“刻板行为”）是一种半自主的重复运动，是自闭症谱系障碍的一个突出临床特征。自闭症患者以第一人称的方式描述这些动作可以使人放松，并帮助他们集中注意力，应对压倒性的感官环境。因此，我们通常不建议采用旨在抑制自闭症患者刻板行为的技术。此外，我们假设，了解刻板行为的神经生物学可以指导治疗方法的发展，在不需要产生重复运动的情况下产生刻板行为的益处。在这里，我们将第一人称报告和临床发现与基本神经解剖学和生理学联系起来，提出了一个可测试的刻板行为模型。我们假设刻板行为通过调节大脑节律来改善感觉处理和注意力，这种调节可以直接来自有节奏的运动指令，也可以通过运动产生的有节奏的感觉反馈来实现。
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