Does a communication skills program enable symptom and distress screening?: The impact of training on radiation therapists' confidence, knowledge, and use of distress screening.

INTRODUCTION

Due to the prevalence of distress following a cancer diagnosis, routine symptom and distress screening is recommended as best practice. RTs perceive psychosocial support and screening to be part of their role, however feel they lack the education and skills to perform this confidently. The study aimed to evaluate the impact of providing communication skills training (RT Prepare CST) on the perceived barriers, knowledge, attitude, role, and confidence of radiation therapists (RTs) in using routine symptom and distress screening.

METHODS

A single-arm, pre-post intervention design was implemented. All RTs at one regional and one rural centre participated in RT Prepare CST. RTs completed a questionnaire: pre-intervention (T1); immediately post-intervention (T2); and, three months post-intervention (T3). Cochran's Q and McNemar's tests for non-parametric data were conducted to compare outcomes over time.

RESULTS

Of 39 RTs approached, 37 (95%) consented to participate with 36 (92%) completing questionnaires at all three time points. Significant and sustained improvements post-intervention were noted from T1-T3 including: confidence in describing the PROMPT-Care tool to patients (p=0.002), discussing psychosocial issues (p=0.014); recognising signs of anxiety/depression (p<0.001); dealing with signs of anxiety (p=0.002), depression (p=0.015) and distress (p=0.008) as well as agreeing 'the tool is useful in identifying psychosocial problems' (p=0.029).

CONCLUSIONS

RT Prepare CST was effective in increasing confidence, knowledge and attitudes of RTs in the psychosocial care of patients with a change in RT behaviour noted by a significant increase in the number of patients screened following the intervention. Providing routine CST and emotional cues training to RTs enhances their ability to care for patients holistically, equipping them with skills to be included within a psychosocial model of care. Engaged leadership and role models are essential to sustain the learnings from education programs and provide an environment to discuss and define roles within radiation therapy departments.