Bahrampour Niki, Mirzababaei Atieh, Shiraseb Farideh, Clark Cain C T, Mirzaei Khadijeh
Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University (SRBIAU), Tehran, Iran.
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
Int J Clin Pract. 2021 Oct;75(10):e14579. doi: 10.1111/ijcp.14579. Epub 2021 Jul 26.
Energy density (ED) is known to influence body composition (BC). Indeed, consumption of high ED foods can increase body fat mass (BFM) and inflammatory markers. We sought to assess the mediatory role of high-sensitive-C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-beta), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) on the relationship between ED and BC in women with overweight/obesity.
This was a cross-sectional study consisting of 391 women. Body composition (Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis) and a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess the BC and food intake of individuals. Blood samples and serum level of hs-CRP, PAI-1, and TGF-β were collected. ED per one gram of foods was calculated and divided to quartiles. Linear logistic regression was used to investigate the association between BC across quartiles of ED intake.
Total body water (TBW), fat free mass (FFM), visceral fat area (VFA), and fat free mass index (FFMI) appeared to be mediated by hs-CRP across ED quartiles. TBW, FFM with PAI-1, bone mineral content (BMC) with PAI-1 and TGF-beta, and skeletal lean mass (SLM) were inversely associated with hs-CRP, respectively. Fat trunk, TBW, BFM, FFM, SLM, waist circumference (WC), FFMI, and FMI were positively mediated by TGF-beta with increasing ED food intakes. Fat trunk, BFM, SLM, WC, FFMI and FMI were positively mediated by PAI-1.
Most BC subcategories were positively associated with higher ED intake, mediated by increasing serum levels of PAI-1 and TGF-beta. Moreover, higher serum hs-CRP levels may be related to body fat and water alteration concomitant to a higher ED intake.
已知能量密度（ED）会影响身体成分（BC）。确实，食用高能量密度食物会增加体脂量（BFM）和炎症标志物。我们试图评估高敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、转化生长因子-β（TGF-β）和纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1（PAI-1）在超重/肥胖女性中ED与BC关系的中介作用。
这是一项横断面研究，共有391名女性参与。采用身体成分分析（生物电阻抗分析）和食物频率问卷（FFQ）来评估个体的身体成分和食物摄入量。采集血样并检测血清中hs-CRP、PAI-1和TGF-β的水平。计算每克食物的能量密度并分为四分位数。采用线性逻辑回归研究能量密度摄入量四分位数与身体成分之间的关联。
在能量密度四分位数范围内，全身水（TBW）、去脂体重（FFM）、内脏脂肪面积（VFA）和去脂体重指数（FFMI）似乎由hs-CRP介导。TBW、FFM与PAI-1、骨矿物质含量（BMC）与PAI-1和TGF-β、骨骼肌瘦质量（SLM）分别与hs-CRP呈负相关。随着能量密度食物摄入量增加，躯干脂肪、TBW、BFM、FFM、SLM、腰围（WC）、FFMI和体脂指数（FMI）由TGF-β正向介导。躯干脂肪、BFM、SLM、WC、FFMI和FMI由PAI-1正向介导。
大多数身体成分亚类与较高的能量密度摄入量呈正相关，由PAI-1和TGF-β血清水平升高介导。此外，较高的血清hs-CRP水平可能与较高能量密度摄入量伴随的体脂和水分变化有关。
