Dickinson J G
Queen Elizabeth Military Hospital, Woolwich.
J R Army Med Corps. 1988 Jun;134(2):65-73. doi: 10.1136/jramc-134-02-03.
In an attempt to define the problem of asthma in the British Army and to relate it to recruiting policy, records were obtained for all discharges from the Army and all admissions to hospital for 48 hours or more with a principle diagnosis of asthma over four years. There were approximately 50 medical discharges from asthma per year, representing about 1 in 3400 of the held strength of the Army and 6.3% of the discharges from all medical causes. The average number of non-effective days before discharge was about 20 and those discharged were generally young (57% aged 20 years or less), of short service (47% less than 2 years service) and of low rank (86% privates, apprentices or juniors). Three hundred and fifty two individuals were admitted to hospital on 415 occasions in 4 years, of whom 82 were eventually discharged from the service for medical reasons. Average non-effective days for this group was 11. There was only one death. Of 108 discharged soldiers who were eventually shown to have a history of asthma in childhood (HAC), this was identified at recruit examination in only 43%. Before enlistment, only 20% were referred for consultant opinion and only 6% had exercise testing. 28% were probably current asthmatics on entry. From available records, age of remission of childhood asthma was most commonly 10-14 years (64%). Relapse was commonest at age 17-21 years (76%) with 25% of relapses occurring at 18 years.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
为了明确英国军队中哮喘问题的情况,并将其与征兵政策联系起来,我们获取了军队所有退伍人员的记录,以及在四年时间里所有因哮喘为主诊断而住院48小时及以上的人员记录。每年约有50例因哮喘退伍,约占军队在编人数的1/3400,占所有因病退伍人数的6.3%。退伍前平均非有效天数约为20天,退伍人员普遍年轻(57%年龄在20岁及以下)、服役期短(47%服役期不到2年)且军衔低(86%为列兵、学徒或低级士官)。四年中有352人415次住院,其中82人最终因病退伍。该组平均非有效天数为11天。仅1例死亡。在最终被证实有儿童哮喘病史(HAC)的108名退伍士兵中,新兵体检时仅43%被查出。入伍前,仅20%被转介至专科医生处咨询,仅6%进行了运动测试。28%入伍时可能已是现患哮喘患者。根据现有记录,儿童哮喘缓解的年龄最常见于10 - 14岁(64%)。复发最常见于17 - 21岁(76%),其中25%的复发发生在18岁。(摘要截选至250词)