Zhejiang University of Technology, School of Economics, Hangzhou, China.
De Montfort University, Leicester Castle Business School, Leicester, UK.
J Environ Manage. 2021 Oct 1;295:113120. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113120. Epub 2021 Jun 26.
Studies investigating the relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and the environment have focused predominantly on the effects of FDI on host country environments with less attention paid to the impact on home countries. This study turns its attention to the effects of outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) on a home country's carbon dioxide emissions. We use three paths through which OFDI can affect the carbon dioxide emissions of a home country, including economic scale, technology level, and industry composition effects. Using a simultaneous equation model and panel data of 30 provinces of China for the period of 2003-2017, this study finds that OFDI is positively related to the carbon dioxide emissions of the home country, though the effects of emissions have weakened dynamically due the technology developments brought about by OFDI. More specifically, we find that both 'pollution haven' and 'pollution halo' effects existing in three different paths. The paths of industry composition and technology level show negative effects on carbon dioxide emissions, whilst the path of economic scale is positive. OFDI is also found to be negatively related to the carbon intensity of the home country.
研究外国直接投资（FDI）与环境之间关系的文献主要集中于 FDI 对东道国环境的影响，而较少关注其对母国的影响。本研究关注的是对外直接投资（OFDI）对母国二氧化碳排放的影响。我们利用 OFDI 可以通过三种途径影响母国二氧化碳排放，包括经济规模、技术水平和产业结构效应。本文使用联立方程模型和 2003-2017 年中国 30 个省份的面板数据进行研究，发现 OFDI 与母国的二氧化碳排放呈正相关，尽管由于 OFDI 带来的技术发展，排放效应的动态影响有所减弱。具体来说，我们发现三种不同路径中存在“污染避难所”和“污染光环”效应。产业结构和技术水平的路径对二氧化碳排放产生负向影响，而经济规模的路径则产生正向影响。我们还发现，OFDI 与母国的碳强度呈负相关关系。
