Faculty of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Phenikaa University, Yen Nghia, Ha-Dong district, Hanoi 12116, Viet Nam.
Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Phenikaa University, Yen Nghia, Ha-Dong district, Hanoi 12116, Viet Nam.
Bioresour Technol. 2021 Oct;337:125445. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125445. Epub 2021 Jun 22.
Fast hydrothermal liquefaction of acid-washed Cladophora socialis macroalgae has been studied over homogeneous (KOH, KCO, HPO, HCOOH) and heterogeneous (H-ZSM-5, Raney Ni, Ru/C, Fe metal) catalysts in a batch reactor at 350 °C. Biocrude with maximum yield (36.2%) and energy density (37.1 MJ kg) and minimum heteroatom contents (3.8% N and 10.1% O) were achieved with metallic Fe. GC-MS indicates reduction in content of carbonyls, acids and N-containing substances and increase in levels of phenols and hydrocarbons in biocrude while H NMR suggests the enhanced formation of oxygenated/nitrogenous compounds in aqueous phase over Fe catalyst compared to non-catalytic test. Such carbonyls and acids removal was proposed to occur via hydride reduction and decarboxylation pathways, respectively. GPC and TAN confirm vast improvement in stability and corrosiveness properties of Fe-catalyzed biocrude. Regeneration of used catalyst has been conducted and the regenerated catalyst exhibited slight deactivation, likely due to sintering of Fe particles.
已在间歇式反应器中研究了在均相（KOH、KCO、HPO、HCOOH）和多相（H-ZSM-5、Raney Ni、Ru/C、Fe 金属）催化剂条件下，酸浸过的刚毛藻 Cladophora socialis 藻类的快速水热液化。在 Fe 金属催化剂的作用下，生物油的最大产率（36.2%）和能量密度（37.1 MJ kg）达到最低，杂原子含量（3.8% N 和 10.1% O）最低。GC-MS 表明生物油中羰基、酸和含氮物质的含量降低，酚类和碳氢化合物的含量增加，而 H NMR 表明与非催化试验相比，Fe 催化剂在水相中亚氧/氮化合物的形成增强。据推测，这种羰基和酸的去除分别通过氢化物还原和脱羧途径发生。GPC 和 TAN 证实了 Fe 催化生物油的稳定性和腐蚀性得到了极大的改善。对使用过的催化剂进行了再生，再生后的催化剂表现出轻微的失活，可能是由于 Fe 颗粒的烧结。
