Marine Biodiversity Division, Tuticorin Regional Station, ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, South Beach Road, Near Roche Park, Tuticorin-628 001, Tamil Nadu, India. 1Tuticorin Regional Station, ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, South Beach Road, Near Roche Park, Tuticorin-628 001, Tamil Nadu, India..
Tuticorin Regional Station, ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, South Beach Road, Near Roche Park, Tuticorin-628 001, Tamil Nadu, India..
Zootaxa. 2021 Jun 22;4990(3):591-595. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4990.3.12.
Studies on the hydrozoan fauna (Phylum: Cnidaria; Class: Hydrozoa) of the Indian waters during the 20th century were few in number (Nagale and Apte, 2013a, b). They originated in the early 1900s (Annandale, 1907; Ritchie, 1910, Thornely, 1916, Gravely, 1927), focussing on the taxonomy of hydroids in the 1960s along the southern coast, including Lakshadweep and Andaman Islands (Mammen, 1963, 1965a, b) and in the 1980s along the northern coast (Venugopalan Wagh, 1986). Species of the hydrozoan family Cladonematidae (Anthoathecata; Capitata) include benthic, creeping and swimming hydroids comprising four genera viz., Cladonema, Eleutheria, Staurocladia and the nomen dubium Dendronema (Schuchert, 2021). Cladonema differs from other genera of Cladonematidae by the branched tentacles either with an adhesive structure or cnidocytes and having nematocysts in oral knobs (Ghory et al., 2020 Farias et al., 2020). The taxonomy of Cladonema is uncertain and species in the genus have undergone several rounds of grouping and splitting. Gershwin Zeidler (2008) gave a detailed account of 13 putative species of Cladonema. However, Schuchert (2021) considered six species to be valid viz., C. radiatum, C. californicum, C. myersi, C. novaezelandiae, C. pacificum and C. timmsii. Studies on the genus Cladonema from Indian waters are patchy, with a brief report of its occurrence among other hydroids (Sastry and Chandramohan, 1989; Santhakumari and Nair, 1999; Arun et al., 2018). Among these records from India, C. myersi was collected from an experimental aquarium with seawater from an unknown location (Prasad, 1961). The present study documents the occurrence and describes the morphology and gonadal features of Cladonema radiatum from Tuticorin Bay, Gulf of Mannar, Southeast coast of India.
20 世纪，印度水域水螅动物群（门：刺胞动物门；纲：水螅纲）的研究数量较少（Nagale 和 Apte，2013a，b）。它们起源于 20 世纪初（Annandale，1907；Ritchie，1910，Thornely，1916，Gravely，1927），20 世纪 60 年代主要集中在南部沿海的水螅分类学研究，包括拉克沙群岛和安达曼群岛（Mammen，1963，1965a，b），20 世纪 80 年代在北部沿海（Venugopalan Wagh，1986）。Cladonematidae（Anthoathecata；Capitata）水螅科的物种包括附着、爬行和游动的水螅，包括四个属，即 Cladonema、Eleutheria、Staurocladia 和可疑的 Dendronema（Schuchert，2021）。Cladonema 与 Cladonematidae 其他属的区别在于分支触手具有附着结构或刺细胞，在口腔小结节中具有刺丝囊（Ghory 等人，2020；Farias 等人，2020）。Cladonema 的分类学不确定，该属的物种经历了几轮分组和分裂。Gershwin Zeidler（2008）详细描述了 13 种假定的 Cladonema 物种。然而，Schuchert（2021）认为有 6 种是有效的，即 C. radiatum、C. californicum、C. myersi、C. novaezelandiae、C. pacificum 和 C. timmsii。印度水域 Cladonema 的研究零散，仅简要报告了其在其他水螅中的存在（Sastry 和 Chandramohan，1989；Santhakumari 和 Nair，1999；Arun 等人，2018）。在这些来自印度的记录中，C. myersi 是从一个实验水族馆采集的，水族馆中的海水来自一个未知地点（Prasad，1961）。本研究记录了 Cladonema radiatum 在印度东南海岸曼纳尔湾 Tuticorin 湾的出现情况，并描述了其形态和生殖腺特征。
