Biological Laboratory, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, 252-0880 JAPAN.
Zootaxa. 2021 Jun 1;4980(2):201255. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4980.2.1.
Taxonomic review of the halacarid subfamily Lohmannellinae is carried out with regard to morphology, biology, habitat, geographical distribution, and bibliography. The subfamily is one of 16 subfamilies in the family Halacaridae and consists of five genera, Lohmannella, Porolohmannella, Scaptognathides, Scaptognathus, and Xenohalacarus, which include 38, 1, 11, 31, and 1 known species, respectively. The genera Scaptognathides, Scaptognathus, and Xenohalacarus are marine, Porolohmannella is a freshwater inhabitant, and Lohmannella lives in marine and freshwater. The species in this subfamily are mostly arenicolous and probably carnivorous or omnivorous in feeding habits. As for the geographic distribution, Lohmannella shows almost cosmopolitan distribution; Scaptognathus is also widely distributed except for polar regions. The genus Scaptognathides is distributed more in southern oceans than in the northern circle, and Xenohalacarus is restricted to the Coral Sea. The freshwater genus Porolohmannella has wide inland distribution except for the African, South American, Australian, and Antarctic continents. Based on morphological comparisons among five genera, Scaptognathus is regarded as the most unique taxon and Lohmannella and Porolohmannella as rather conservative taxa in the subfamily.
对 halacarid 亚科 Lohmannellinae 的分类学进行了研究，涉及形态学、生物学、栖息地、地理分布和参考文献。该亚科是 16 个科之一，由五个属组成，分别为 Lohmannella、Porolohmannella、Scaptognathides、Scaptognathus 和 Xenohalacarus，分别包含 38、1、11、31 和 1 种已知物种。属 Scaptognathides、Scaptognathus 和 Xenohalacarus 为海洋生物，Porolohmannella 为淡水生物，而 Lohmannella 则生活在海洋和淡水环境中。该亚科的物种主要为沙栖生物，可能以肉食或杂食性为食。就地理分布而言，Lohmannella 几乎具有世界性分布；Scaptognathus 除了极地地区外也广泛分布。属 Scaptognathides 分布在南大洋比北回归线更广泛，而 Xenohalacarus 则局限于珊瑚海。除了非洲、南美、澳洲和南极洲外，淡水属 Porolohmannella 在内陆也有广泛的分布。基于五个属之间的形态比较，Scaptognathus 被认为是最独特的分类群，而 Lohmannella 和 Porolohmannella 则是该亚科中较为保守的分类群。
