Boelhouwer Ingrid G, Vermeer Willemijn, van Vuuren Tinka
Department of Applied Psychology, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Wibauthuis/Wibautstraat 3b, 1091 GH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Faculty of Management, Open University of The Netherlands, Heerlen, The Netherlands / Loyalis Knowledge & Consult, Heerlen, The Netherlands.
BMC Public Health. 2021 Jun 29;21(1):1255. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-11261-2.
The prevalence of the group of workers that had a cancer diagnosis in the past is growing. These workers may still be confronted with late effects of cancer (treatment) possibly affecting their work ability. As little is known about the guidance of this group, the aim of this study was to explore the experiences and ideas of managers and professionals about the guidance of these workers in the case of late effects of cancer (treatment). Given the positive associations with work ability of the job resources autonomy, social support by colleagues and an open organisational culture found in several quantitative studies, these job resources were also discussed. Further ideas about the influences of other factors and points of attention in the guidance of this group of workers were explored.
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with managers (n = 11) and professionals (n = 47). Data-collection was from November 2019 to June 2020. The data were coded and analysed using directed content analyses.
The late effects of cancer or cancer treatment discussed were physical problems, fatigue, cognitive problems, anxiety for cancer recurrence, and a different view of life. The self-employed have less options for guidance but may struggle with late effects affecting work ability in the same way as the salaried. Late effects may affect work ability and various approaches have been described. Autonomy, social support of colleagues and an open organisational culture were regarded as beneficial. It was indicated that interventions need to be tailor-made and created in dialogue with the worker.
Especially with respect to cognitive problems and fatigue, guidance sometimes turned out to be complicated. In general, the importance of psychological safety to be open about late effects that affect work ability was emphasized. Moreover, it is important to take the perspective of the worker as the starting point and explore the possibilities together with the worker. Autonomy is an important factor in general, and a factor that must always be monitored when adjustments in work are considered. There is a lot of experience, but there are still gaps in knowledge and opportunities for more knowledge sharing.
过去曾被诊断患有癌症的工人群体的患病率正在上升。这些工人可能仍面临癌症（治疗）的晚期影响，这可能会影响他们的工作能力。由于对这一群体的指导了解甚少，本研究的目的是探讨管理人员和专业人员对于在癌症（治疗）晚期影响情况下指导这些工人的经验和想法。鉴于在一些定量研究中发现工作资源自主性、同事的社会支持以及开放的组织文化与工作能力呈正相关，这些工作资源也在讨论范围内。还探讨了关于其他因素的影响以及指导这一工人群体时的注意事项的进一步想法。
对管理人员（n = 11）和专业人员（n = 47）进行了半结构化访谈。数据收集时间为2019年11月至2020年6月。使用定向内容分析法对数据进行编码和分析。
所讨论的癌症或癌症治疗的晚期影响包括身体问题、疲劳、认知问题、对癌症复发的焦虑以及对生活的不同看法。个体经营者获得指导的选择较少，但在影响工作能力的晚期影响方面可能与受薪者面临同样的困扰。晚期影响可能会影响工作能力，并且已经描述了各种应对方法。自主性、同事的社会支持以及开放的组织文化被认为是有益的。研究表明，干预措施需要量身定制，并与工人进行对话来制定。
特别是在认知问题和疲劳方面，指导有时会变得很复杂。总体而言，强调了心理安全对于公开影响工作能力的晚期影响的重要性。此外，以工人的视角为出发点并与工人一起探索可能性很重要。一般来说，自主性是一个重要因素，并且在考虑工作调整时必须始终对其进行监测。虽然有很多经验，但在知识方面仍存在差距，并且有更多知识共享的机会。
