Pienaar Paula R, Roden Laura C, Boot Cécile R L, van Mechelen Willem, Twisk Jos W R, Lambert Estelle V, Rae Dale E
Health Through Physical Activity Lifestyle and Sport Research Centre and Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Amsterdam UMC, Department of Public and Occupational Health and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2021 Nov;94(8):1809-1821. doi: 10.1007/s00420-021-01739-2. Epub 2021 Jun 29.
This cross-sectional study aimed to compare the association between self-reported sleep duration and cardiometabolic risk among men and women corporate executives and investigate potential lifestyle, work- and stress-related mediators thereof.
Self-reported sleep duration and lifestyle, occupational, psychological and measured anthropometrical, blood pressure (BP) and blood marker variables were obtained from health risk assessment data of 3583 corporate executives. Sex-stratified regression analyses investigated the relationships between occupational and psychological variables with self-reported sleep duration, and sleep duration with individual cardiometabolic risk factors. Mediation analyses investigated the effects of work, psychological and lifestyle factors on the relationships between self-reported sleep duration and cardiometabolic risk factors, as well as a continuous cardiometabolic risk score calculated from the sum of sex-stratified z-standardized scores of negative fasting serum HDL, and positive plasma Glu, serum TG, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, systolic and diastolic BP.
Longer work hours and work commute time, depression, anxiety and stress were associated with shorter sleep duration in both men and women (all p < 0.05). Shorter sleep duration was associated with higher BMI, larger waist circumference and greater cardiometabolic risk scores in both men and women (all p < 0.05), higher diastolic BP in men (p < 0.05) and lower HDL cholesterol in women (p < 0.05). Physical activity, working hours and stress significantly mediated the relationships between self-reported sleep duration and BMI, waist circumference, diastolic BP and cardiometabolic risk score in men only.
In these corporate executives, shorter self-reported sleep duration is associated with poorer psychological, occupational and cardiometabolic risk outcomes in both men and women. Given that physical activity, working hours and stress mediate this association among the men, the case for sleep health interventions in workplace health programmes is warranted.
本横断面研究旨在比较企业高管中男性和女性自我报告的睡眠时间与心血管代谢风险之间的关联，并调查其潜在的生活方式、工作及压力相关的中介因素。
从3583名企业高管的健康风险评估数据中获取自我报告的睡眠时间、生活方式、职业、心理以及测量的人体测量学、血压（BP）和血液标志物变量。按性别分层的回归分析研究职业和心理变量与自我报告的睡眠时间之间的关系，以及睡眠时间与个体心血管代谢风险因素之间的关系。中介分析研究工作、心理和生活方式因素对自我报告的睡眠时间与心血管代谢风险因素之间关系的影响，以及由空腹血清高密度脂蛋白（HDL）阴性、血浆葡萄糖阳性、血清甘油三酯（TG）、体重指数（BMI）、腰围、收缩压和舒张压的性别分层z标准化分数之和计算得出的连续心血管代谢风险评分。
较长的工作时间、通勤时间、抑郁、焦虑和压力与男性和女性较短的睡眠时间相关（所有p<0.05）。较短的睡眠时间与男性和女性较高的BMI、较大的腰围和较高的心血管代谢风险评分相关（所有p<0.05），与男性较高的舒张压相关（p<0.05），与女性较低的HDL胆固醇相关（p<0.05）。体育活动、工作时间和压力仅在男性中显著介导了自我报告的睡眠时间与BMI、腰围、舒张压和心血管代谢风险评分之间的关系。
在这些企业高管中，自我报告的睡眠时间较短与男性和女性较差的心理、职业和心血管代谢风险结果相关。鉴于体育活动、工作时间和压力在男性中介导了这种关联，在工作场所健康计划中进行睡眠健康干预是有必要的。
