Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, UK.
Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK.
J Health Organ Manag. 2021 Jul 2;ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print). doi: 10.1108/JHOM-07-2020-0275.
We review quantitative methods for analysing the equity impacts of health care and public health interventions: who benefits most and who bears the largest burdens (opportunity costs)? Mainstream health services research focuses on effectiveness and efficiency but decision makers also need information about equity.
DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: We review equity-informative methods of quantitative data analysis in three core areas of health services research: effectiveness analysis, cost-effectiveness analysis and performance measurement. An appendix includes further readings and resources.
Researchers seeking to analyse health equity impacts now have a practical and flexible set of methods at their disposal which builds on the standard health services research toolkit. Some of the more advanced methods require specialised skills, but basic equity-informative methods can be used by any health services researcher with appropriate skills in the three core areas.
ORIGINALITY/VALUE: We hope that this review will raise awareness of equity-informative methods of health services research and facilitate their entry into the mainstream so that health policymakers are routinely presented with information about who gains and who loses from their decisions.
我们回顾了分析医疗保健和公共卫生干预措施的公平影响的定量方法：谁受益最多，谁承担的负担最大（机会成本）？主流卫生服务研究侧重于有效性和效率，但决策者还需要有关公平的信息。
设计/方法/方法：我们在卫生服务研究的三个核心领域回顾了定量数据分析的公平信息方法：效果分析、成本效益分析和绩效衡量。附录包括进一步的读物和资源。
研究人员现在可以使用一套实用且灵活的方法来分析健康公平影响，这些方法建立在标准的卫生服务研究工具包之上。一些更先进的方法需要专门的技能，但基本的公平信息方法可以由任何在三个核心领域具有适当技能的卫生服务研究人员使用。
原创性/价值：我们希望本综述将提高对卫生服务研究的公平信息方法的认识，并促进其主流化，以便卫生政策制定者经常获得有关其决策使谁受益和谁受损的信息。
