Universidade Católica de Pelotas. Curso de Pós-Graduação em Saúde no Ciclo Vital. Pelotas, RS, Brasil.
Universidade Federal de Pelotas. Faculdade de Medicina. Departamento de Medicina Social. Pelotas, RS, Brasil.
Rev Saude Publica. 2021 Jun 25;55:42. doi: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2021055003832. eCollection 2021.
To estimate the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and the adherence to measures of social distancing in children and adolescents studied in three national surveys conducted in Brazil between May-June 2020.
Three national serological surveys were conducted in 133 sentinel cities located in all 27 Federative Units. Multistage probability sampling was used to select 250 individuals per city. The total sample size in age ranges 0-9 and 10-19 years old are of 4,263 and 8,024 individuals, respectively. Information on children or adolescents was gathered with a data collection app, and a rapid point-of-case test for SARS-CoV-2 was conducted on a finger prick blood sample.
The adjusted prevalence of antibodies was 2.9% (2.2-3.6) among children 0-9 years, 2.2% (1.8-2.6) among adolescents 10-19 years, and 3.0% (2.7-3.3) among adults 20+years. Prevalence of antibodies was higher among poor children and adolescents compared to those of rich families. Adherence to social distancing measures was seen in 72.4% (71.9-73.8) of families with children, 60.8% (59.6-61.9) for adolescents, and 57.4% (56.9-57.8) for adults. For not leaving the house except for essential matters the proportions were 81.7% (80.5-82.9), 70.6% (69.6-61.9), and 65.1% (64.7-65.5), respectively. Among children and adolescents, social distancing was strongly associated with socioeconomic status, being much higher in the better-off families.
The prevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 showed comparable levels among children, adolescents, and adults. Adherence to social distancing measures was more prevalent in children, followed by adolescents. There were important socioeconomic differences in the adherence to social distancing among children and adolescents.
估计巴西于 2020 年 5 月至 6 月间进行的三项全国性调查中研究的儿童和青少年中 SARS-CoV-2 抗体的流行率以及对社会隔离措施的遵守情况。
在巴西的 133 个哨点城市中进行了三项全国血清学调查。采用多阶段概率抽样方法，每个城市选择 250 人。0-9 岁和 10-19 岁年龄组的总样本量分别为 4263 人和 8024 人。使用数据收集应用程序收集有关儿童或青少年的信息，并在手指刺破的血液样本上进行 SARS-CoV-2 的快速即时检测。
0-9 岁儿童的抗体调整后流行率为 2.9%（2.2-3.6），10-19 岁青少年为 2.2%（1.8-2.6），20+岁成年人为 3.0%（2.7-3.3）。贫困儿童和青少年的抗体流行率高于富裕家庭的儿童和青少年。有 72.4%（71.9-73.8）的儿童家庭、60.8%（59.6-61.9）的青少年和 57.4%（56.9-57.8）的成年人遵守社会隔离措施。对于除了必要的事情外不离开家的情况，相应的比例分别为 81.7%（80.5-82.9）、70.6%（69.6-61.9）和 65.1%（64.7-65.5）。在儿童和青少年中，社会隔离与社会经济地位密切相关，富裕家庭的社会隔离程度更高。
SARS-CoV-2 抗体的流行率在儿童、青少年和成年人中相当。社会隔离措施的遵守情况在儿童中更为普遍，其次是青少年。儿童和青少年在遵守社会隔离措施方面存在重要的社会经济差异。
